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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
Master Transcription Regulators02:23

Master Transcription Regulators

Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
TGF - β Signaling Pathway01:16

TGF - β Signaling Pathway

The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors are of three kinds RI, RII, and RIII. The RI...
Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

Notch Signaling Pathway

The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not until 1985...

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Describing a Transcription Factor Dependent Regulation of the MicroRNA Transcriptome
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Published on: June 15, 2016

MicroRNA signature associated with osteogenic lineage commitment.

Behnaz Bakhshandeh1, Masoud Soleimani, Maryam Hafizi

  • 1Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

Molecular Biology Reports
|February 22, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Unrestricted somatic stem cells (USSCs) can differentiate into bone cells. This study identifies key microRNAs regulating USSC osteogenesis, offering potential for bone tissue engineering therapies.

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Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Cell-based therapies show promise for bone regeneration.
  • Unrestricted somatic stem cells (USSCs) possess osteogenic differentiation potential.
  • MicroRNAs are increasingly recognized as regulators of cellular processes, including differentiation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the osteo-specific microRNA signature in USSCs.
  • To elucidate the role of microRNAs in USSC osteogenic commitment.
  • To explore potential anti-microRNA therapeutic strategies for bone tissue engineering.

Main Methods:

  • Osteogenic commitment evaluation (ALPase activity, biomineralization, gene expression).
  • MicroRNA microarray profiling to identify osteo-specific microRNAs.
  • In silico target prediction and pathway analysis.
  • In vitro miRNA transfections and quantitative PCR (qPCR).
  • Investigation of GSK-3b inhibitor on WNT pathway in osteogenesis.

Main Results:

  • A specific microRNA signature regulating USSC osteogenesis was identified.
  • MicroRNAs (e.g., mir-199b, 1274a, 30b) target key osteogenic pathway mediators (BMPR, TCFs, SMADs).
  • Transient modulation of these microRNAs rapidly induced osteogenesis, suggesting therapeutic potential.
  • WNT pathway modulation via GSK-3b inhibition impacts osteogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • This study reveals the critical role of microRNAs in USSC osteogenic lineage allocation.
  • Identified microRNA signature and pathways provide insights into bone formation mechanisms.
  • Findings may facilitate future clinical applications in bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.