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Related Concept Videos

Long-term Depression01:03

Long-term Depression

Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Calcium Ion Concentration Mechanism
If over time, all...
Long-term Depression01:05

Long-term Depression

Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Depression: Overview01:18

Depression: Overview

Depression is a prevalent mental illness marked by persistent sadness and lack of interest in previously enjoyable activities. It can take several forms, including major depression, persistent depressive disorder, and bipolar I and II disorders. Symptoms range from emotional changes like chronic worry to physical changes like sleep disturbances and suicidal thoughts. From a neurobiological perspective, depression is believed to be triggered by abnormalities in the brain's prefrontal cortex,...
Depressive Disorders: Etiology01:27

Depressive Disorders: Etiology

Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
Biological Factors in Depression
Biological predispositions significantly influence the risk of developing depressive disorders. Genetic studies highlight the role of variations in the serotonin transporter...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

High Resolution Quantitative Synaptic Proteome Profiling of Mouse Brain Regions After Auditory Discrimination Learning
10:36

High Resolution Quantitative Synaptic Proteome Profiling of Mouse Brain Regions After Auditory Discrimination Learning

Published on: December 15, 2016

Phosphoproteomic differences in major depressive disorder postmortem brains indicate effects on synaptic function.

Daniel Martins-de-Souza1, Paul C Guest, Natacha Vanattou-Saifoudine

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK. danms90@gmail.com

European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience
|February 22, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers explored protein phosphorylation in major depressive disorder (MDD) brain tissue. They identified key differences in phosphorylation, offering new insights into MDD

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Major depressive disorder (MDD) affects 10% of the global population, yet its molecular underpinnings remain poorly understood.
  • Protein phosphorylation, a key posttranslational modification regulating cellular processes, has been underexplored in psychiatric disorders compared to cancer research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a comparative phosphoproteome analysis of postmortem brain tissue from MDD patients and controls.
  • To identify differentially phosphorylated proteins in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) associated with MDD pathobiology.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative phosphoproteome analysis using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry in a data-independent manner (LC-MS(E)).
  • Analysis of postmortem dorsolateral prefrontal cortex tissues from 24 MDD patients and 12 control donors.

Main Results:

  • Identification of 5,195 phosphopeptides, corresponding to 802 non-redundant proteins.
  • Ninety proteins exhibited differential phosphorylation levels in MDD tissues; 20 were differentially phosphorylated in at least two peptides.
  • The majority of altered phosphoproteins are linked to synaptic transmission and cellular architecture.

Conclusions:

  • The study highlights potential protein biomarker candidates for MDD.
  • Findings provide crucial insights into the molecular mechanisms and pathobiology of major depressive disorder.
  • Phosphorylation changes in synaptic and cellular architecture proteins are implicated in MDD.