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[Fracture analyses of casting framework removable partial dentures].

Yan-hong Zhu¹, Bo Zhang, Yi-hong Liu

¹Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.

Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban = Journal of Peking University. Health Sciences

|February 23, 2012

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Titanium removable partial dentures (RPDs) showed a higher fracture rate (1.75%) than cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) alloy RPDs (0.57%). Defects during casting significantly contributed to titanium framework fractures.

Area of Science:

Dental Materials Science
Biomaterials Engineering
Prosthodontics

Background:

Removable partial dentures (RPDs) are crucial for restoring function and aesthetics.
Metal frameworks for RPDs are commonly fabricated from cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) alloys or titanium (Ti).
Understanding framework fracture mechanisms is essential for improving RPD longevity.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the clinical fracture rates of titanium RPDs versus Co-Cr alloy RPDs.
To analyze the fracture modes and underlying causes of metal framework failures.
To investigate the influence of casting defects on RPD framework fractures.

Main Methods:

A retrospective analysis of 30,618 RPDs (titanium and Co-Cr alloy) over 18 months.
Fractographic examination using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) on fractured frameworks.

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Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) for chemical composition analysis.

Main Results:

The fracture rate for titanium frameworks was 1.75%, significantly higher than Co-Cr alloy frameworks at 0.57%.
Identified fracture causes included tooth preparation, framework design, and casting defects.
Both titanium and Co-Cr alloy frameworks exhibited ductile fracture characteristics; fissures were observed in both, with pores prevalent in titanium frameworks.

Conclusions:

Titanium frameworks exhibit a higher clinical fracture rate compared to Co-Cr alloy frameworks.
Casting defects are a primary contributing factor to the increased fracture rate observed in titanium RPD frameworks.