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Related Concept Videos

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
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To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.
Intellectual Disability01:29

Intellectual Disability

Intellectual disability (ID) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in intellectual and adaptive functioning that manifest during the developmental period. This condition encompasses challenges in reasoning, memory, problem-solving, and learning, accompanied by impairments in everyday life skills, such as communication, self-care, and social interactions. Intellectual disability affects approximately 1% of the population in the United States, impacting an estimated 5...
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Human Genetics01:28

Human Genetics

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Learning Disabilities01:25

Learning Disabilities

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Oppositional Defiant Disorder

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Event Related Potentials (ERPs) and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
10:02

Event Related Potentials (ERPs) and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Published on: March 12, 2020

[Mental retardation and ADHD].

Frank Hässler1, Johannes Thome

  • 1Klinik für Psychiatrie, Neurologie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie im Kindes- und Jugendalter, Universität Rostock. frank.haessler@med.uni-rostock.de

Zeitschrift Fur Kinder- Und Jugendpsychiatrie Und Psychotherapie
|February 23, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and hyperkinetic disorders (HKD) share symptoms with mental retardation (MR). ADHD symptoms are more prevalent in children with learning disabilities, but research on ADHD in children with MR is limited.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Child Psychiatry

Context:

  • Hyperactivity syndromes and disorders (ADHD and HKD) present with overactivity, inattention, and impulsivity.
  • These symptoms overlap with other mental disorders, notably mental retardation (MR).
  • ADHD symptoms are significantly more prevalent in children with learning disabilities.

Purpose:

  • To explore the limited research on ADHD in children with mental retardation.
  • To differentiate between ADHD and MR diagnoses.
  • To review the use of stimulant medication for ADHD/MR.

Summary:

  • Studies show higher ADHD prevalence in children with learning disabilities, with a 10-fold increased risk in those with global learning disability compared to the general population.
  • Research on ADHD in children with mental retardation is scarce.
  • Psychostimulants may alleviate ADHD symptoms in children with MR, but efficacy may be reduced, and susceptibility to side effects increased.

Impact:

  • Highlights the need for more research into ADHD in children with MR.
  • Informs clinical practice regarding the use of stimulant medication in this population.
  • Contributes to a better understanding of the complex interplay between ADHD and MR.