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Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

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Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

A High Throughput, Multiplexed and Targeted Proteomic CSF Assay to Quantify Neurodegenerative Biomarkers and Apolipoprotein E Isoforms Status
07:08

A High Throughput, Multiplexed and Targeted Proteomic CSF Assay to Quantify Neurodegenerative Biomarkers and Apolipoprotein E Isoforms Status

Published on: October 20, 2016

Systemic complement profiling in multiple sclerosis as a biomarker of disease state.

G Ingram1, S Hakobyan, C L Hirst

  • 1Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK.

Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)
|February 23, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Complement system activation is altered in multiple sclerosis (MS). Complement profiling shows potential as a biomarker for MS disease state and clinical relapse.

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Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
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Published on: July 19, 2019

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Last Updated: May 24, 2026

A High Throughput, Multiplexed and Targeted Proteomic CSF Assay to Quantify Neurodegenerative Biomarkers and Apolipoprotein E Isoforms Status
07:08

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Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
09:41

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Published on: July 19, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Neuroscience
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Growing evidence indicates complement system activation in multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis.
  • The complement cascade plays a significant role in systemic inflammation and neurological disease progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the pathological role of complement in MS.
  • To evaluate complement profiling as a potential biomarker for MS disease state and activity.

Main Methods:

  • Measured key complement components (classical, alternative, terminal pathways) in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
  • Analyzed samples from MS patients across different clinical phases and matched controls.

Main Results:

  • MS patients showed increased plasma levels of C3, C4, C4a, C1 inhibitor, and factor H, with decreased C9.
  • A statistical model using complement profiling predicted MS with 97% accuracy and clinical relapse with 73% accuracy.
  • Correlations between CSF and plasma suggested both systemic and central synthesis of complement components.

Conclusions:

  • Data confirm alterations in local and systemic complement expression and activation in MS.
  • Complement profiling may serve as an informative biomarker for MS disease status.
  • Further research is needed to validate its utility in differentiating MS from other neurological conditions.