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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Immunization of Adult Zebrafish for the Preclinical Screening of DNA-based Vaccines
05:39

Immunization of Adult Zebrafish for the Preclinical Screening of DNA-based Vaccines

Published on: October 30, 2018

Immunity to fish rhabdoviruses.

Maureen K Purcell1, Kerry J Laing, James R Winton

  • 1Western Fisheries Research Center, United States Geological Survey, 6505 NE 65th St., Seattle, WA 98115, USA. mpurcell@usgs.gov

Viruses
|February 23, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Fish mount innate and adaptive immune responses against rhabdoviruses, including critical neutralizing antibodies and interferon (IFN) systems. However, viral proteins can subvert these defenses, impacting fish health.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Aquatic Animal Health

Background:

  • Rhabdoviruses are significant pathogens affecting wild and cultured fish globally.
  • Teleost fish exhibit innate and adaptive immune systems comparable to other vertebrates.
  • Understanding fish immune responses to viral infections is crucial for aquaculture and wildlife conservation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the protective immune mechanisms employed by fish against rhabdovirus infections.
  • To highlight the roles of both innate and adaptive immunity in fish antiviral defense.
  • To discuss viral strategies for evading fish immune responses.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on fish immunity and rhabdovirus infections.
  • Analysis of the components of innate and adaptive immunity in teleost fish.
Keywords:
apoptosiscell-mediated immunityhost-cell shutoffimmune evasioninterferonneutralizing antibodynon-virionnovirhabdoviruspersistent infections

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  • Examination of the mechanisms by which rhabdoviruses interact with the fish immune system.

    • Main Results:

    • Neutralizing antibodies are key for long-term protection against fish rhabdoviruses.
    • Cell-mediated immunity also plays a role in antiviral defense.
    • The interferon (IFN) system is vital for innate immunity against acute infections.
    • Virulent rhabdoviruses possess matrix (M) and non-virion (NV) proteins that counteract host defenses.

    Conclusions:

    • Fish possess robust immune mechanisms, including antibody and IFN responses, to combat rhabdoviruses.
    • Rhabdoviruses have evolved sophisticated strategies to overcome fish immunity.
    • Further research is needed on environmental factors influencing rhabdovirus ecology in natural fish populations.