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A Suction Blister Protocol to Study Human T-cell Recall Responses In Vivo

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Published on: August 11, 2018

Multifunctional CD4 T cell responses in patients with active tuberculosis.

Zhengang Qiu¹, Mingxia Zhang, Yuzhen Zhu

¹Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Diagnosis &Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, Guangdong Medical College, Shenzhen, 518020, China.

Scientific Reports

|February 23, 2012

Summary

Multifunctional CD4 T cells play a complex role in tuberculosis. Decreased PMA/ionomycin stimulated CD4 T cells, not antigen-specific ones, may aid in diagnosing active tuberculosis.

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Enzyme-linked Immunospot Assay (ELISPOT): Quantification of Th-1 Cellular Immune Responses Against Microbial Antigens

Enzyme-linked Immunospot Assay (ELISPOT): Quantification of Th-1 Cellular Immune Responses Against Microbial Antigens

Published on: November 23, 2010

Area of Science:

Immunology
Infectious Diseases
Tuberculosis Research

Background:

The precise role of multifunctional CD4 T cells in human tuberculosis remains unclear.
Understanding these immune responses is crucial for developing diagnostic tools and treatments for tuberculosis.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of multifunctional CD4 T cells in active tuberculosis compared to latent infection and healthy controls.
To determine if specific CD4 T cell responses can serve as correlates of protective immunity against tuberculosis.
To explore the potential of CD4 T cell responses in the clinical diagnosis of active tuberculosis.

Main Methods:

Comparison of PMA/ionomycin stimulated and Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen-specific multifunctional CD4 T cell frequencies.
Analysis of IFN-γ+IL-2+TNF-α+ CD4 T cell responses in patients with smear-positive and smear-negative tuberculosis.
Correlation analysis between CD4 T cell responses and clinical parameters like sputum smear grade and CT scores.

Main Results:

Patients with active tuberculosis showed decreased PMA/ionomycin stimulated multifunctional CD4 T cells but increased Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen-specific multifunctional CD4 T cells compared to controls.
PMA/ionomycin stimulated IFN-γ+IL-2+TNF-α+ CD4 T cell responses were lower in smear-positive tuberculosis patients than in smear-negative patients.
A negative correlation was observed between the percentage of IFN-γ+IL-2+TNF-α+ CD4 T cells and the severity of tuberculosis (sputum smear grade, CT score).

Conclusions:

Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen-specific multifunctional Th1 responses in peripheral blood may not be reliable correlates of protective immunity.
A decrease in PMA/ionomycin stimulated IFN-γ+IL-2+TNF-α+ CD4 T cells could potentially be used for the clinical diagnosis of active tuberculosis.