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Frequency of metabolic syndrome in patients with ischaemic heart disease

Tariq Ashraf1, Muhammad Anis Memon, Muhammad Saeed Talpur

  • 1Department of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Karachi.

JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
|February 24, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Metabolic syndrome is common in patients with Ischaemic Heart Disease, particularly in females. Abdominal obesity is a key factor contributing to this higher prevalence in women.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Ischaemic Heart Disease (IHD) is a significant global health concern.
  • Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions that increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes.
  • Understanding the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in IHD patients is crucial for risk stratification and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency of metabolic syndrome among patients diagnosed with Ischaemic Heart Disease.
  • To investigate potential gender-based differences in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome within this patient group.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional observational study was conducted.
  • Patients with a first-time cardiac event were included.
  • Metabolic syndrome was defined using established criteria (International Diabetes Federation, American Heart Association, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute), incorporating abdominal obesity (waist circumference), blood sugar, HDL-C, triglycerides, and hypertension.

Main Results:

  • The study included 477 patients with Ischaemic Heart Disease (355 males, 122 females).
  • The overall frequency of metabolic syndrome was 54.95% in males and 78.7% in females (p < 0.001).
  • Females exhibited higher frequencies of abdominal obesity (81.1% vs. 61.7%, p < 0.001), low HDL, and hypertension compared to males. No significant gender difference was observed in triglyceride levels.

Conclusions:

  • Metabolic syndrome is highly prevalent in patients with Ischaemic Heart Disease, with a notably higher frequency in females.
  • Increased prevalence of abdominal obesity in females may be a primary driver for the higher metabolic syndrome rates observed in this group.
  • These findings highlight the importance of assessing metabolic syndrome components in IHD patients, especially in women, for targeted interventions.
Abstract

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