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Related Concept Videos

Inborn Errors of Metabolism01:20

Inborn Errors of Metabolism

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a protein metabolism disorder characterized by high blood levels of the amino acid phenylalanine. This results from a mutation in the gene responsible for phenylalanine hydroxylase, an enzyme that converts phenylalanine into tyrosine. When this enzyme is deficient, phenylalanine builds up in the blood, leading to symptoms such as vomiting, rashes, seizures, growth deficiency, and severe mental retardation. An early diagnosis and a diet restricting phenylalanine intake...
Lysosomal Hydrolases01:22

Lysosomal Hydrolases

Lysosomes are the site for the degradation of macromolecules and biological polymers released during membrane trafficking events such as secretory, endocytic, autophagic, and phagocytic pathways. The membrane-enclosed area of the lysosome, called the lumen, contains hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment. These acid hydrolases are functional at a pH between 4.5 and 5 and are involved in cellular processes such as cell signaling, energy metabolism, restoration of the plasma membrane,...
Overview of Protein Metabolism01:21

Overview of Protein Metabolism

Proteins are broken down into amino acids during digestion. Unlike fats and carbohydrates, which are stored for later use, proteins are not. Instead, amino acids are either used to produce ATP through oxidation or contribute to the creation of new proteins for the growth and repair of the body. Any surplus amino acids from the diet are converted into glucose or triglycerides rather than excreted.
Amino acids play various roles in the body once they are absorbed into cells. They are restructured...
Glucose Transporters01:27

Glucose Transporters

Glucose transporters facilitate the transport of glucose across the cell membrane. In addition to glucose, some glucose transporters can also aid the movement of other hexoses such as fructose, mannose, and galactose.
Facilitated diffusion-glucose transporters (GLUTs) are encoded by the solute-linked carrier (SLC) family 2, subfamily A gene family, or SLC2A. The 14 GLUT protein members are distributed into three classes:
Incomplete Dominance01:43

Incomplete Dominance

Gregor Mendel's work (1822 - 1884) was primarily focused on pea plants. Through his initial experiments, he determined that every gene in a diploid cell has two variants called alleles inherited from each parent. He suggested that amongst these two alleles, one allele is dominant in character and the other recessive. The combination of alleles determines the phenotype of a gene in an organism.
Protein Import into the Peroxisomes01:27

Protein Import into the Peroxisomes

Cells contain membrane-bound organelles called peroxisomes that oxidize organic molecules by transferring hydrogen atoms to oxygen, producing hydrogen peroxide. Peroxisomes enzymatically convert the released hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen.
Peroxisomal Protein Import:
Peroxisomes lack the genetic machinery required to code for their own proteins. Hence, most peroxisomal membrane, lumenal and transmembrane proteins are synthesized in the cytoplasm or ER and transported to the peroxisome...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

In Vitro Enzyme Measurement to Test Pharmacological Chaperone Responsiveness in Fabry and Pompe Disease
10:16

In Vitro Enzyme Measurement to Test Pharmacological Chaperone Responsiveness in Fabry and Pompe Disease

Published on: December 20, 2017

Acid maltase deficiency--Pompe's disease.

Sajjad Jamil1, Shahid Ahmed, Muhammad Tariq

  • 1Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi.

JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
|February 24, 2012
PubMed
Summary

This case study details a rare diagnosis of Pompe disease, a type of glycogen storage disease, in a young Pakistani boy presenting with muscle weakness. This finding highlights the importance of recognizing GSDs in pediatric patients.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Genetics
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Inborn errors of metabolism arise from genetic mutations affecting glycogen synthesis, degradation, or regulation.
  • Glycogen storage diseases (GSDs) are a group of inherited metabolic disorders characterized by abnormal glycogen accumulation.
  • Acid maltase deficiency, or Pompe disease, is a rare GSD affecting muscle tissue.

Observation:

  • A young boy presented with generalized weakness and reduced muscle bulk from childhood.
  • Diagnostic evaluation led to the identification of acid maltase deficiency (Pompe disease).

Findings:

  • The case represents a rare instance of Pompe disease, a glycogen storage disorder.
  • This case study includes a review of relevant literature on acid maltase deficiency.

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Multi-exon Skipping Using Cocktail Antisense Oligonucleotides in the Canine X-linked Muscular Dystrophy
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Published on: May 24, 2016

  • This may be the first reported case of Pompe disease in Pakistan.
  • Implications:

    • This case underscores the need for increased awareness and diagnosis of rare GSDs, including Pompe disease, in pediatric populations.
    • Early diagnosis and management of Pompe disease are crucial for improving patient outcomes.
    • Reporting this case contributes to the understanding of GSD prevalence in Pakistan and globally.