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In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Heterotypic Three-dimensional In Vitro Modeling of Stromal-Epithelial Interactions During Ovarian Cancer Initiation and Progression

Heterotypic Three-dimensional In Vitro Modeling of Stromal-Epithelial Interactions During Ovarian Cancer Initiation and Progression

Published on: August 28, 2012

Embryonal cancers in Europe.

Gemma Gatta¹, Andrea Ferrari, Charles A Stiller

¹Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCSS, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy. gemma.gatta@istitutotumori.mi.it

European Journal of Cancer (Oxford, England : 1990)

|February 24, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study estimates the burden of embryonal cancers in Europe, finding high survival rates but noting gaps in understanding adult cases. Key cancers include neuroblastoma and nephroblastoma.

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Area of Science:

Pediatric Oncology
Epidemiology
Rare Cancers

Background:

Embryonal cancers are rare, heterogeneous malignancies primarily affecting children and adolescents.
Understanding their burden is crucial for public health initiatives and resource allocation.

Purpose of the Study:

To estimate the incidence, prevalence, survival, and cure rates of major embryonal cancers in the European Union (EU27).
To provide a comprehensive overview of the embryonal cancer burden using population-based data.

Main Methods:

Utilized population-based data from European cancer registries (RARECARE network) for cases diagnosed between 1995 and 2002.
Calculated incidence, prevalence, 5-year relative survival, and cure rates for specific embryonal cancers.

Main Results:

Estimated ~2000 new cases annually in EU27, with an incidence of 4 per million; 91% occurred in those under 15.
Five-year relative survival for all embryonal cancers was 80%, with retinoblastoma and nephroblastoma showing higher rates.
Nephroblastoma was most prevalent (18,150 cases), followed by neuroblastoma (12,100) in 2008.

Conclusions:

Embryonal cancer survival and cure rates are generally high, particularly in younger patients.
Significant knowledge gaps remain regarding the natural history of these rare cancers, especially in adult populations.
This study provides the first detailed European burden estimate stratified by age, sex, and region.