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Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

In 1971, Peter Perlman and Eva Engvall developed an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA or EIA). ELISA differs from western blot in that the assays are conducted in microtiter plates or in vivo rather than on an absorbent membrane.
There are many different types of ELISAs, but they all involve an antibody molecule whose constant region binds an enzyme, leaving the variable region free to bind its specific antigen. Enzyme-substrate reaction allows the antigen to be visualized or quantified.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Simultaneous Detection of Different Antibody Classes in a Multiplexed Serological Test

Simultaneous Detection of Different Antibody Classes in a Multiplexed Serological Test

Published on: July 14, 2023

Dynex: multiplex ELISA technology.

Laurie M Clotilde¹, Clay Bernard, Dean E Sequera

¹USDA-ARS, Foodborne Contaminants Research Unit, Albany, CA 94710, USA.

Journal of Laboratory Automation

|February 24, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A novel automated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system allows for multiplex analysis of up to 10 analytes in a single well. This innovation enhances efficiency and flexibility for antibody screening and protein detection, including E. coli diagnostics.

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Last Updated: May 24, 2026

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Conversion of a Capture ELISA to a Luminex xMAP Assay using a Multiplex Antibody Screening Method

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Published on: July 6, 2012

Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Immunological Assays
Microbiology

Background:

Conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) are standard for antibody screening and antigen detection.
A key limitation of traditional ELISA is its single-analyte detection per well, reducing throughput and increasing labor.
Multiplex analysis is desirable for comprehensive biological sample evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce and evaluate a new automated ELISA system capable of multiplex analyte detection.
To assess the system's performance in terms of productivity, accuracy, and repeatability.
To demonstrate the system's utility in identifying specific bacterial pathogens, such as Escherichia coli.

Main Methods:

Development of an automated ELISA platform enabling simultaneous detection of multiple analytes within a single microplate well.
Utilized flexible bead-based arrays allowing users to customize assay panels.
Applied the system to detect Shiga toxins and serotype Escherichia coli O157.

Main Results:

The automated system successfully measured up to 10 analytes per well, significantly improving productivity.
Demonstrated enhanced accuracy and repeatability compared to conventional single-analyte ELISA.
Successfully identified the presence of Shiga toxins and the O157 serotype in E. coli isolates.

Conclusions:

The novel automated ELISA system offers a flexible and efficient solution for multiplex biomarker detection.
This technology enhances throughput and reduces manual labor in immunological assays.
The platform is validated for specific diagnostic applications, including the identification of pathogenic E. coli strains.