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Angina pectoris in patients with HIV/AIDS: prevalence and risk factors

Josefina Cláudia Zirpoli1, Heloisa Ramos Lacerda, Valéria Maria Gonçalves de Albuquerque

  • 1Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil. claudiazirpoli@cardiol.br

The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases
|February 24, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Angina pectoris is underdiagnosed in patients with HIV/AIDS, affecting over 20%. Key risk factors include smoking, obesity, and low income, highlighting missed prevention opportunities.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Ischemic heart disease incidence is elevated in Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients.
  • The prevalence of angina pectoris in this population remains largely unknown, with limited existing literature.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of angina pectoris among individuals with HIV/AIDS.
  • To identify traditional and HIV-related risk factors associated with coronary disease.
  • To analyze the relationship between these risk factors and the occurrence of angina pectoris.

Main Methods:

  • An epidemiological cross-sectional study, analyzed as a case-control study, included 584 patients with HIV/AIDS.
  • Angina pectoris was assessed using the Rose questionnaire, categorized as definite or possible.
  • Risk factors were collected via questionnaires, laboratory tests, medical records, and anthropometric measurements.

Main Results:

  • The total prevalence of definite and possible angina pectoris was 20.4% (11% definite, 9.4% possible).
  • Independent associations were found between angina and smoking (OR=2.88), obesity (OR=1.62), family history of heart attack (OR=1.70), low schooling (OR=2.11), and low monthly income (OR=2.93).
  • These associations remained significant after adjusting for age.

Conclusions:

  • Angina pectoris appears to be underdiagnosed in HIV/AIDS patients, even those under medical care.
  • This suggests missed opportunities for identifying and preventing cardiovascular complications in this vulnerable group.
Abstract

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