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Related Concept Videos

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules01:31

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules

Immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules or Ig-CAMs are a versatile group of cell surface glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin protein superfamily. Ig-CAMs possess the characteristic immunoglobulin protein domains and other domains such as the fibronectin type III domain. The Ig domains are glycosylated to varying degrees in different Ig-CAMs.
Ig-CAMs exhibit either homophilic binding (to other Ig-CAMs) or heterophilic binding (to other ligands such as integrins). While most Ig-CAMs...
Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions01:24

Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions

The extracellular matrix or ECM holds cells together to form a tissue and allows the cells within the tissue to communicate. ECM comprises proteins such as fibronectin, collagen, laminin, etc. The most abundant protein in this space is collagen. Collagen fibers are interwoven with carbohydrate-containing protein molecules called proteoglycans. ECM allows cell migration and provides a structural scaffold at cell adhesion that anchors the cell when the extracellular matrix proteins interact with...
Cell Motility through Blebbing01:16

Cell Motility through Blebbing

Blebs are a type of membrane protrusion formed by the internal hydrostatic pressure of the cytoplasm. Blebs are observed in several cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and single-celled organisms like the amoeba. The primary function of blebs is cell locomotion and apoptosis, but they are also found during necrosis and cell division. The life cycle of a bleb comprises an initiation phase followed by the expansion and retraction phases.
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...
Anchoring Junctions01:03

Anchoring Junctions

Anchoring junctions are multiprotein complexes that help cells connect to other cells and the extracellular matrix. Anchoring junctions are present on the lateral and basal surfaces of cells, providing strong and flexible connections. Focal adhesions are often formed due to cell interactions with the ECM substrata, which initiate signal transduction via kinase cascades and other mechanisms. Together, they provide stability and tissue integrity. There are three types of anchoring junctions:...
Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions01:17

Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions

Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions01:20

Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are pivotal to multicellularity and the coordinated functioning of tissues and organ systems. They enable physical interactions between cells and provide mechanical strength to tissues. They also function as receptors for signal transmission across the plasma membrane. The CAMs are broadly classified into four families - integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulin-like CAMs (IgCAMs).
CAM Families
The Integrin family of proteins is primarily  involved in a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Live-cell Imaging and Quantitative Analysis of Embryonic Epithelial Cells in Xenopus laevis
06:51

Live-cell Imaging and Quantitative Analysis of Embryonic Epithelial Cells in Xenopus laevis

Published on: May 23, 2010

Cell adhesion molecules duringXenopus myogenesis.

G Levi1

  • 1Department of Cell Differentiation, I.S.T., viale Benedetto XVono 10, 16132, GENOVA, (Italy).

Cytotechnology
|February 24, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study investigates cell adhesion molecules during Xenopus muscle development. Findings suggest distinct roles for N-CAM, N-cadherin, and EP-cadherin in myoblast fusion and differentiation.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Muscle development involves crucial cell-recognition events like myoblast fusion and synaptogenesis.
  • Cell surface adhesion receptors are critical for the proper progression of these developmental processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the expression patterns of three cell adhesion molecules: N-CAM, N-cadherin, and EP-cadherin.
  • To elucidate the specific roles of these molecules in Xenopus larval muscle development and myogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of cell adhesion molecule expression during Xenopus larval muscle development.
  • Differential distribution studies of N-CAM, N-cadherin, and EP-cadherin.

Main Results:

  • N-CAM expression is high in primary myoblasts and decreases in myotubes, suggesting a role in primary myoblast fusion.
  • EP-cadherin is found in both myoblasts and myotubes, potentially involved in secondary myoblast fusion.
  • N-cadherin expression is observed later in muscle differentiation.

Conclusions:

  • The differential expression of N-CAM, EP-cadherin, and N-cadherin indicates specific functions for each in myogenesis.
  • These molecules play distinct roles in regulating myoblast fusion and muscle differentiation during Xenopus larval development.