Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

One-Compartment Open Model: Wagner-Nelson and Loo Riegelman Method for ka Estimation01:24

One-Compartment Open Model: Wagner-Nelson and Loo Riegelman Method for ka Estimation

This lesson introduces two critical methods in pharmacokinetics, the Wagner-Nelson and Loo-Riegelman methods, used for estimating the absorption rate constant (ka) for drugs administered via non-intravenous routes. The Wagner-Nelson method relates ka to the plasma concentration derived from the slope of a semilog percent unabsorbed time plot. However, it is limited to drugs with one-compartment kinetics and can be impacted by factors like gastrointestinal motility or enzymatic degradation.
On...
Interpreting ¹H NMR Signal Splitting: The (n + 1) Rule01:10

Interpreting ¹H NMR Signal Splitting: The (n + 1) Rule

In the AX proton spin system, proton A can sense the two spin states of a coupled proton X, resulting in a doublet NMR signal with two peaks of equal (1:1) intensity. When proton A is coupled to two equivalent protons (AX2 spin system), the spin states of each X can be aligned with or against the external field, creating three possible scenarios. This results in a 1:2:1  triplet signal, where the central peak corresponds to the chemical shift of A and is twice as large or intense as the others.
¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals01:02

¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals

Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
As Δν decreases and the signals move closer, the doublets appear increasingly distorted. The intensities of the inner lines increase at the cost of those of the outer lines as the signals are slanted or...
Linear Approximation in Frequency Domain01:26

Linear Approximation in Frequency Domain

Linear systems are characterized by two main properties: superposition and homogeneity. Superposition allows the response to multiple inputs to be the sum of the responses to each individual input. Homogeneity ensures that scaling an input by a scalar results in the response being scaled by the same scalar.
In contrast, nonlinear systems do not inherently possess these properties. However, for small deviations around an operating point, a nonlinear system can often be approximated as linear.
Difference from Background: Limit of Detection01:05

Difference from Background: Limit of Detection

The limit of detection (LOD) is the smallest amount of analyte that can be distinguished from the background noise. The LOD value corresponds to the concentration at which the analyte signal is three times larger than the standard deviation of the blank signal. Below this value, the analyte signal cannot be differentiated from the background noise. It is calculated by dividing the calibration slope by 3 times the standard deviation of the blank signals.
The LOD indicates the presence or absence...
Application of Linearization and Approximation01:29

Application of Linearization and Approximation

A drone flying through complex terrain often relies on more than one sensing method to estimate small changes in altitude. Along with direct measurements, air pressure provides a useful indirect indicator of vertical movement. Atmospheric pressure decreases as altitude increases, and this relationship is commonly described using an exponential model. Although accurate, converting pressure measurements into altitude values requires calculations that are too complex to perform repeatedly during...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Ergodic properties of functionals of Gaussian processes.

Physical review. E·2026
Same author

Statistical properties of stochastic functionals under general resetting.

Physical review. E·2025
Same author

Internet-Delivered Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (iCBT) for Spanish-Speaking Adults with Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD): A Randomized Feasibility Trial.

Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Evaluation of the gambling habits of Spanish adolescents and young adults post-COVID-19 and implementation of a digital escape room intervention for preventing gambling: study protocol of a cluster-randomized controlled trial (GAMBL-OUT project).

BMC psychology·2025
Same author

Effectiveness of a Web-Based Self-Guided Intervention (MINDxYOU) for Reducing Stress and Promoting Mental Health Among Health Professionals: Results From a Stepped-Wedge Cluster Randomized Trial.

Journal of medical Internet research·2025
Same author

Dynamic redundancy as a mechanism to optimize collective random searches.

Physical review. E·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments
08:12

A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments

Published on: March 1, 2022

Two-point approximation to the Kramers problem with coloured noise.

Daniel Campos1, Vicenç Méndez

  • 1Grup de Física Estadística, Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain. daniel.campos@uab.es

The Journal of Chemical Physics
|February 25, 2012
PubMed
Summary

We developed a two-point approximation method to describe particle escape dynamics from potential wells under non-Markovian fluctuations. This method accurately fits escape time distributions, even for low barriers and non-Markovian conditions.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 24, 2026

A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments
08:12

A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments

Published on: March 1, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Statistical Mechanics
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Theoretical Physics

Background:

  • Describing particle escape dynamics from potential wells is crucial in various scientific fields.
  • Non-Markovian fluctuations and generalized Langevin equations (GLEs) present significant challenges to traditional models.
  • Previous renewal approaches, like the Wilemski-Fixman approximation, provide a foundation for understanding these complex dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel method for describing particle escape dynamics under non-Markovian fluctuations.
  • To derive an approximated expression for escape time distributions governed by a generalized Langevin equation (GLE).
  • To investigate the behavior of escape dynamics, particularly focusing on power-law friction kernels.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a 'two-point approximation' method based on renewal approaches.
  • Application of the method to systems described by a generalized Langevin equation (GLE).
  • Focus on systems with power-law friction kernels to analyze non-Markovian effects.

Main Results:

  • The two-point approximation method adequately fits escape time distributions for low potential barriers, even in non-Markovian regimes.
  • The study confirms that power-law friction kernels lead to non-exponential decay in escape times.
  • These findings challenge the notion of a characteristic reaction rate in systems with power-law friction.

Conclusions:

  • The presented two-point approximation offers a viable method for analyzing escape dynamics in complex, non-Markovian systems.
  • The emergence of non-exponential decays highlights the importance of considering memory effects in friction kernels.
  • The study suggests a re-evaluation of reaction rate concepts when power-law friction is present.