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Related Concept Videos

Intermolecular Forces03:13

Intermolecular Forces

Atoms and molecules interact through bonds (or forces): intramolecular and intermolecular. The forces are electrostatic as they arise from interactions (attractive or repulsive) between charged species (permanent, partial, or temporary charges) and exist with varying strengths between ions, polar, nonpolar, and neutral molecules. The different types of intermolecular forces are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion; among these, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion...
Intermolecular Forces03:13

Intermolecular Forces

Atoms and molecules interact through bonds (or forces): intramolecular and intermolecular. The forces are electrostatic as they arise from interactions (attractive or repulsive) between charged species (permanent, partial, or temporary charges) and exist with varying strengths between ions, polar, nonpolar, and neutral molecules. The different types of intermolecular forces are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion; among these, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion...
Real Gases: Effects of Intermolecular Forces and Molecular Volume Deriving Van der Waals Equation04:01

Real Gases: Effects of Intermolecular Forces and Molecular Volume Deriving Van der Waals Equation

Thus far, the ideal gas law, PV = nRT, has been applied to a variety of different types of problems, ranging from reaction stoichiometry and empirical and molecular formula problems to determining the density and molar mass of a gas. However, the behavior of a gas is often non-ideal, meaning that the observed relationships between its pressure, volume, and temperature are not accurately described by the gas laws.
Intermolecular Forces and Physical Properties02:56

Intermolecular Forces and Physical Properties

Van der Waals Interactions01:24

Van der Waals Interactions

Atoms and molecules interact with each other through intermolecular forces. These electrostatic forces arise from attractive or repulsive interactions between particles with permanent, partial, or temporary charges. The intermolecular forces between neutral atoms and molecules are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, and dispersion forces, collectively known as van der Waals forces.
Intermolecular Forces in Solutions02:28

Intermolecular Forces in Solutions

The formation of a solution is an example of a spontaneous process, a process that occurs under specified conditions without energy from some external source.
When the strengths of the intermolecular forces of attraction between solute and solvent species in a solution are no different than those present in the separated components, the solution is formed with no accompanying energy change. Such a solution is called an ideal solution. A mixture of ideal gases (or gases such as helium and argon,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Thermochemical Studies of Ni(II) and Zn(II) Ternary Complexes Using Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry
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Thermochemical Studies of Ni(II) and Zn(II) Ternary Complexes Using Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry

Published on: June 8, 2022

Excluded volume effects in macromolecular forces and ion-interface interactions.

Sahin Buyukdagli1, T Ala-Nissila

  • 1Department of Applied Physics and COMP Center of Excellence, Aalto University School of Science, P.O. Box 11000, FI-00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland. sahin_buyukdagli@yahoo.fr

The Journal of Chemical Physics
|February 25, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Excluded volume effects in charged Yukawa liquids within nanopores influence pore wall interactions. Increasing pore size shifts pressure from attractive to repulsive, driven by ionic packing and screening regimes.

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Quantitative and Qualitative Examination of Particle-particle Interactions Using Colloidal Probe Nanoscopy

Published on: July 18, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Colloid and Surface Science
  • Statistical Mechanics

Background:

  • Understanding ion behavior in confined systems is crucial for applications like desalination and drug delivery.
  • Excluded volume effects significantly impact interactions between charged surfaces in nanopores.
  • Yukawa liquids provide a model for electrolytes with short-range repulsion and long-range electrostatic interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate excluded volume effects on the interaction forces between pore walls in a charged Yukawa liquid confined in a slit nanopore.
  • To analyze the interplay between image forces, electric fields, and pore-modified core interactions.
  • To elucidate the role of core interaction range and screening on ionic rejection and interplate pressure.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a previously developed self-consistent scheme.
  • Employed a new variational procedure to self-consistently couple various forces.
  • Established the mean-field theory for the model system.

Main Results:

  • Predicted a transition from attractive to repulsive interplate pressure with increasing pore size in neutral pores, linked to ionic packing.
  • Identified two screening regimes: moderately screened (ionic packing) and strongly screened (solvation forces enhance attraction).
  • Demonstrated that core interactions contribute repulsively to forces in weakly charged pores and reduce repulsion in intermediately charged pores.

Conclusions:

  • Excluded volume effects are critical for ion specificity and macromolecular stability in electrolyte solutions.
  • The range and magnitude of core interactions strongly influence interplate pressure and ionic partition coefficients.
  • The study provides insights into ion-surface interactions in confined geometries, relevant for nanoscale phenomena.