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Published on: June 21, 2018

Two component systems: physiological effect of a third component.

Baldiri Salvado1, Ester Vilaprinyo, Hiren Karathia

  • 1Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida & IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain.

Plos One
|February 25, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adding a third component to prokaryotic Two Component Systems (TCS) alters their dynamic response. This study models these systems to understand how third components affect signal sensitivity and bistability, offering insights into natural and synthetic designs.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Systems Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Signal transduction systems enable organisms to adapt to environmental changes.
  • Prokaryotes commonly use Two Component Systems (TCS) for signal transduction, involving a sensor kinase (SK) and a response regulator (RR).
  • TCS complexity can increase with the addition of a 'third component' modulating SK or RR activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the functional impact of a third component on prototypical TCS.
  • To analyze how different interaction designs with a third component affect TCS dynamic properties.
  • To correlate observed dynamic behaviors with physiological requirements and evolutionary pressures.

Main Methods:

  • Development of mathematical models for TCS with alternative third component interaction designs.
  • Analysis of models to identify differences in dynamic behavior (sensitivity, responsiveness, bistability, stochasticity).
  • Correlation of dynamic differences with specific physiological contexts and evolutionary advantages.

Main Results:

  • A third component modulating SK activity expands bistability for monofunctional SKs but reduces it for bifunctional SKs.
  • A third component modulating RR activity consistently decreases the parameter space for bistable TCS responses.
  • The presence and interaction mode of the third component significantly influence TCS sensitivity, temporal dynamics, and potential for multiple steady states.

Conclusions:

  • Third components offer tunable control over TCS dynamic responses, impacting signal sensitivity and bistability.
  • Understanding these design principles is crucial for both synthetic biology applications and deciphering natural TCS evolution.
  • Specific third component designs may be favored by natural selection based on the required physiological output and environmental conditions.