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Related Concept Videos

Pigmentation01:19

Pigmentation

The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
Jaundice01:25

Jaundice

Jaundice, or icterus, is the yellow discoloration of the skin, sclerae, and mucous membranes. It happens when plasma bilirubin levels rise above 2.5-3 mg/dL, leading to bilirubin deposition in tissue.Bilirubin is a byproduct of hemoglobin degradation. In macrophages, hemoglobin breaks down into globin and heme. Globin is converted into amino acids, while heme is turned into biliverdin by heme oxygenase, which is then reduced to unconjugated bilirubin by biliverdin reductase.Unconjugated...
Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
Reticular Dermis01:15

Reticular Dermis

The papillary and reticular dermis are the two layers of the dermis. They are made of connective tissue with fibers of collagen extending from one to the other, making the border between the two somewhat indistinct. The dermal papillae extending into the epidermis belong to the papillary layer, whereas the dense collagen fiber bundles below belong to the reticular layer.
Reticular Layer
Underlying the papillary layer is the much thicker reticular layer, composed of dense, irregular connective...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Quantification of Hypopigmentation Activity In Vitro
06:08

Quantification of Hypopigmentation Activity In Vitro

Published on: March 6, 2019

The vitiligo in senegal.

S O Niang1, Maodo Ndiaye, Fatimata Ly

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Aristide Le Dantec Hospital, BP 3001, Dakar, Senegal.

ISRN Dermatology
|February 25, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study analyzed vitiligo epidemiology in Senegal, finding generalized forms predominated, often affecting sun-exposed areas. Aggravating factors included family history, psychoaffective disturbances, and Koebner phenomenon.

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Published on: January 12, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Epidemiology
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Vitiligo is a chronic skin condition with significant psychosocial impact.
  • Understanding its epidemiological and clinical profile is crucial for targeted management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of vitiligo patients.
  • To identify factors contributing to vitiligo presentation and progression in Senegal.

Main Methods:

  • A 5-month cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted.
  • Fifty vitiligo patients were evaluated at Senegal's largest dermatology department.

Main Results:

  • Generalized vitiligo was the most common form (n=33).
  • Mean age was 26.5 years; 11 patients had a family history, and 6 reported psychoaffective disturbances.
  • Commonly associated factors included sun-exposed localization, Koebner phenomenon (n=7), and other dermatoses.

Conclusions:

  • Generalized vitiligo is prevalent in this Senegalese cohort, often localized to sun-exposed regions.
  • Family history, psychoaffective issues, Koebner phenomenon, and itching dermatoses are significant aggravating factors.