Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Atypical Pneumonia

Atypical Pneumonia

Atypical pneumonia, often caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, is a form of pulmonary infection that differs from the classical presentation of bacterial pneumonia in both its cause and clinical symptoms. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a pleomorphic bacterium notable for its lack of a rigid cell wall. This structural characteristic imparts resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and significantly influences the bacterium’s behavior within the human host.Other pathogens responsible for the disease include...

Pneumonia I: Introduction

Pneumonia I: Introduction

Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...

Pneumonia I: Introduction

Pneumonia I: Introduction

Pneumonia is an infection of the lower respiratory tract that leads to inflammation of the lung parenchyma, often resulting in the accumulation of inflammatory exudate in the alveoli and airways. Unlike the watery, low-protein fluid exudate in pulmonary edema, the exudate in this case is a thick fluid rich in immune cells, proteins, and debris produced during infection and inflammation.This impairs gas exchange and can lead to consolidation of lung tissue. The infection may be caused by a...

Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology

Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of pneumonia involves the following steps:

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features

Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease II: Emphysema

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease II: Emphysema

Emphysema, a major phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is characterized by irreversible destruction of alveolar walls and permanent enlargement of distal airspaces. Unlike chronic bronchitis, which primarily affects the airways, emphysema predominantly involves the lung parenchyma, where structural damage leads to airflow limitation.PathophysiologyIt most commonly results from prolonged exposure to cigarette smoke and other toxic gases, particularly cigarette smoke.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same journal

Pneumonia Reimagined: Host, Microbe, and the Shifting Landscape of Disease.

Clinics in chest medicine·2026

Same journal

Advocacy in Pneumonia.

Clinics in chest medicine·2026

Same journal

Vaccines Against Pneumonia: Current Updates.

Clinics in chest medicine·2026

Same journal

Non-antibiotic Treatments for Pneumonia: Host-Directed Therapies, Next-Steps and Future Directions.

Clinics in chest medicine·2026

Same journal

Customizing Antibiotic Treatment for Pneumonia: Can We Have a Single Unified Algorithm for All Types of Pneumonia?

Clinics in chest medicine·2026

Same journal

The Role of Complex Digital Interventions to Improve Pneumonia Care.

Clinics in chest medicine·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease

Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease

Published on: June 16, 2020

Nonspecific interstitial pneumonia.

Brent Wayne Kinder¹

¹Department of Medicine, Mercy Medical Associates, Batavia, OH 45103, USA. bwkinder2011@gmail.com

Clinics in Chest Medicine

|February 28, 2012

Summary

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients with specific inflammatory markers on biopsy and BAL fluid showed better outcomes. This distinct entity, characterized by inflammation and fibrosis, is now recognized among interstitial pneumonias.

Area of Science:

Pulmonology
Pathology
Immunology

Background:

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) diagnosis can be challenging.
A subset of IPF patients historically exhibited distinct clinical and pathological features.
These features included lymphoplasmacytic inflammation on biopsy and bronchoalveolar lavage lymphocytosis.

Purpose of the Study:

To delineate a distinct entity within idiopathic interstitial pneumonias.
To characterize the histopathological and clinical features of this specific patient group.

Main Methods:

Review of lung histopathology.
Analysis of cellular biopsy findings.
Evaluation of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.
Assessment of clinical response to steroids and long-term prognosis.

More Related Videos

Refined Murine Model of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Refined Murine Model of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Published on: June 17, 2025

Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus

Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus

Published on: March 6, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 24, 2026

Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease

Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease

Published on: June 16, 2020

Refined Murine Model of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Refined Murine Model of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Published on: June 17, 2025

Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus

Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus

Published on: March 6, 2019

Main Results:

Patients presented with prominent lymphoplasmacytic inflammation on biopsy.
Bronchoalveolar lavage showed lymphocytosis.
A notable clinical response to steroid therapy was observed.
These patients demonstrated a better long-term prognosis compared to typical IPF.

Conclusions:

The findings support the recognition of a distinct entity among idiopathic interstitial pneumonias.
This entity is characterized by specific inflammatory and fibrotic patterns.
It is associated with a favorable clinical course and treatment response.