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Related Concept Videos

Implicit Memories01:24

Implicit Memories

Implicit memories, also known as non-declarative memories, are long-term memories that function outside of conscious awareness. These memories influence behavior and skills without explicit knowledge. This type of memory is evident in tasks like playing tennis, snowboarding, and texting. Implicit memory has three subsystems: procedural memory, conditioning, and priming. This type of memory is essential in various activities, from everyday tasks to specialized skills.
One key aspect of implicit...
Explicit Memories01:27

Explicit Memories

Explicit memories, also known as declarative memories, are consciously remembered, recalled, and reported. Studying for a chemistry exam involves material that will become part of explicit memory. There are two types of explicit memory: episodic and semantic.
Episodic memory contains information about personally experienced events and is reported as a story. An example of episodic memory is recalling a birthday celebration. This type of memory includes the what, where, and when of an event, as...
Long-Term Memory01:18

Long-Term Memory

Long-term memory is a relatively permanent type of memory, capable of storing vast amounts of information over extended periods. Its storage capacity is generally considered unlimited.
Long-term memory can be categorized into two primary types: explicit and implicit memory. Explicit memory, also known as declarative memory, involves the conscious recollection of information that we deliberately try to remember, recall, and articulate. This type of memory encompasses specific facts, events, and...
Storage01:23

Storage

A schema is a mental framework that helps individuals organize and interpret information. Schemata, formed from previous experiences, influence how we process new information: how we encode it, the inferences we make, and how we retrieve it. For instance, a schema for what a typical classroom looks like might include desks, a teacher's desk, a whiteboard, and students in such an environment. This expectation helps us quickly understand and navigate new classrooms without needing to analyze each...
System of Memory01:23

System of Memory

Memory is categorized into three major systems: sensory memory, short-term memory (STM), and long-term memory (LTM). These systems differ in their capacity and the duration for which they can hold information. Sensory memory captures raw sensory input from the environment, holding it for just a few seconds or less. For example, on hearing a brief, loud sound, like a car horn honking, the sound seems to linger in the mind for a moment even after it stops. This is an instance of sensory memory...
Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this information.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm
06:35

Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm

Published on: April 28, 2016

Modeling single versus multiple systems in implicit and explicit memory.

Jeffrey J Starns1, Roger Ratcliff, Gail McKoon

  • 1Department of Psychology, Tobin Hall, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA. jstarns@psych.umass.edu

Trends in Cognitive Sciences
|February 28, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study investigated whether implicit priming and explicit recognition memory rely on one or multiple systems. Mathematical modeling provided strong evidence against the idea of independent memory systems.

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The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents
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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 24, 2026

Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm
06:35

Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm

Published on: April 28, 2016

The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents
09:01

The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents

Published on: July 8, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Mathematical Psychology

Background:

  • The relationship between implicit and explicit memory is debated.
  • It is unclear if implicit priming and explicit recognition tests engage distinct or shared neural systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the theoretical debate on memory systems.
  • To determine if implicit priming and explicit recognition are supported by a single or multiple independent memory systems.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized mathematical modeling to analyze behavioral data.
  • Applied computational approaches to distinguish between single- and multiple-system models of memory.

Main Results:

  • Mathematical modeling yielded compelling evidence against the independent-systems hypothesis.
  • Findings suggest that implicit priming and explicit recognition may share underlying neural mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides strong evidence for a unified memory system rather than independent systems.
  • Challenges the notion of distinct, non-interacting memory processes for implicit and explicit tasks.