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[Tropical splenomegaly: echographic picture].

L Belli1, A Reggiori, L Gorreta

  • 1Servizio di Radiologia B, Ospedale Multizonale, Varese.

La Radiologia Medica
|September 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Tropical splenomegaly, often caused by malaria, presents distinct ultrasound features. Key findings include enlarged spleens with calcifications and prominent vessels, aiding diagnosis in endemic regions.

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Area of Science:

  • Tropical Medicine
  • Radiology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Tropical splenomegaly is a significant health issue in tropical regions.
  • Endemic malaria is a primary cause of this condition.
  • Accurate diagnosis is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the ultrasound (US) morphological features of tropical splenomegaly.
  • To assess the utility of splenic diameters and the splenic volumetric index (IVS) in diagnosing the condition.

Main Methods:

  • Ultrasound examinations were performed on 28 black patients (10 males, 18 females) residing in a tropical area.
  • Morphological features, major splenic diameters, and the splenic volumetric index (IVS) were analyzed.
  • Specific attention was paid to intraparenchymal calcifications, splenic vessel appearance, and organ lobulation.

Main Results:

  • All patients exhibited enlarged spleens with increased diameters and IVS values above the normal limit (21.5 +/- 6.5).
  • Characteristic findings included small intraparenchymal calcifications (46%) and enlarged splenic vessels with wall reinforcement (75%).
  • No nodular lesions were detected, but increased organ lobulation was observed.

Conclusions:

  • Ultrasound reveals characteristic features of tropical splenomegaly, including splenic enlargement, calcifications, and vascular changes.
  • The calculated splenic volumetric index (IVS) is consistently elevated in affected individuals.
  • These US findings provide valuable clinical information for recognizing tropical splenomegaly.

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