Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 24, 2026

Cigarette Smoke Exposure in Mice using a Whole-Body Inhalation System
Published on: October 22, 2020
The nicotine dependence phenotype, time to first cigarette, and larynx cancer risk
Joshua E Muscat1, Hsiao-Pin Liu, Craig Livelsberger
1Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA. jmuscat@psu.edu
Purpose:
Cigarette smoking is the major cause of laryngeal cancer. The time to first cigarette after waking in the morning is a behavior associated with several dimensions of nicotine dependence including the dose of smoke uptake. We hypothesized that a short TTFC increases the risk of laryngeal cancer.
Methods:
The analysis was based on data from a hospital-based case-control study of laryngeal cancer. The current analysis included only subjects who were ever cigarette smokers, including 570 cases and 343 controls (832 whites and 81 blacks). Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using unconditional logistic regression adjusting for smoking history and other potential confounders. Incidence data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program of the National Cancer Institute from 1975 to 2006 were analyzed for trends in laryngeal cancer.
Results:
There was a dose-response relationship between TTFC and supraglottic cancer. Compared to subjects who smoked more than 60 min after waking, the adjusted odds ratio was 1.51 (95% CI, 0.63-3.61) for 30-60 min and 3.13 (95% CI, 1.56-6.30) for 0-30 min. No association was observed between TTFC and cancer of the glottis. In blacks, the TTFC was not associated with the risk of laryngeal cancer. Trends in SEER rates were similar for cancer of the glottis and supraglottis, indicating that the site-specific differences were not affected by unknown confounders.
Conclusion:
A nicotine dependence behavior that is associated with cigarette smoke uptake increases the risk of cancer of the supraglottis larynx, but not glottis larynx.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Stimulants
Ganglionic stimulants activate NM nicotinic receptors in autonomic ganglia, falling into two categories: nicotine mimetics [e.g., lobeline, dimethylpiperazine, tetramethylammonium] and muscarinic receptor agonists [e.g., muscarine, methacholine]. The first category's action is rapid and blocked by nicotinic receptor antagonists, while the second category's action is delayed and blocked by atropine-like agents. Nicotine, an alkaloid, affects the heart rate by stimulating sympathetic or...
Stimulants
Cocaine can be administered via snorting, injection, or smoking. It primarily functions by blocking the reuptake of dopamine, resulting in a euphoric high characterized by an intense sensation of happiness and...
Statistical Methods for Analyzing Epidemiological Data
Cancer Prevention
Some...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features
CNS Depressants: Alcohol and Nicotine

