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Related Concept Videos

Voltammetry: Overview01:20

Voltammetry: Overview

Voltammetry is an electroanalytical technique in which the current flowing through an electrochemical cell is measured as a function of applied potential, typically under conditions of concentration polarization. The technique provides valuable information about redox-active species, and the current response is plotted as a voltammogram.
A voltammetric cell uses three electrodes: a working electrode, a reference electrode, and an auxiliary electrode. The redox reactions occur in the working...
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Membrane electrodes, also known as p-ion electrodes, use membranes that selectively interact with free analyte ions, generating a potential difference across the membrane. The resulting membrane potential, known as the asymmetry potential, is not zero even when analyte concentrations on both sides of the membrane are equal. The membrane's response is typically not selective to a single analyte but proportional to the concentration of all ions in the sample solution capable of interacting at the...
Voltammetric Techniques: Linear-Scan (E vs Time)01:12

Voltammetric Techniques: Linear-Scan (E vs Time)

Polarography is a classical voltammetric technique used to analyze electrochemical reactions. This method applies a linear potential sweep to a dropping mercury electrode (DME), and the resulting current is measured. A dropping mercury electrode is commonly used as the working electrode in polarography. It consists of a capillary tube filled with mercury, where the tiny droplet forms at the tip. This droplet continuously drops from the capillary, creating a new electrode surface for each...
Voltammetry: Stripping Methods01:13

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Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (ASV), Cathodic Stripping Voltammetry (CSV), and Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry (AdSV) are electrochemical techniques used to determine trace amounts of analytes in solution. These methods involve applying a potential to an electrode and measuring the resulting current.
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (ASV)
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Voltammetric Techniques: Pulse Voltammetry01:17

Voltammetric Techniques: Pulse Voltammetry

Differential-pulse voltammetry (DPV) is a type of voltammetry that involves applying a series of voltage pulses to an electrochemical cell while measuring the resulting current. In DPV, the differential pulse or small potential pulses are superimposed on a linear potential sweep. The magnitude of these pulses is typically small, often in the millivolt range. Each voltage pulse lasts a short duration, usually in the order of a few milliseconds, and is applied at regular intervals along the...
Microbial Biosensors01:17

Microbial Biosensors

Microbial biosensors are analytical devices that utilize living microbes to detect specific substances through measurable signals. These devices consist of two main components: biosensing organisms and signal-transducing elements. Biosensing organisms, such as Escherichia coli or Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are typically housed in multiwell plates connected to transducers, enabling rapid, real-time detection of target analytes.Signal Generation MechanismWhen a target analyte—such as...

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Waste Water Derived Electroactive Microbial Biofilms: Growth, Maintenance, and Basic Characterization
11:58

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Published on: December 29, 2013

A VOLTAMMETRIC FLAVIN MICROELECTRODE FOR USE IN BIOFILMS.

Hung Duc Nguyen1, Ryan Renslow, Jerome Babauta

  • 1The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States of America.

Sensors and Actuators. B, Chemical
|February 28, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a microelectrode to measure flavins within Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 biofilms. Flavin concentrations increased in anaerobic zones, suggesting their role as electron acceptors in biofilms.

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Published on: January 25, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Bioelectrochemistry
  • Microbial Physiology
  • Biosensing Technology

Background:

  • Biofilms in bioelectrochemical systems utilize electron transfer mediators.
  • Flavins (flavin mononucleotide, riboflavin, flavin adenine dinucleotide) are endogenously produced by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1.
  • Flavin presence and concentration within S. oneidensis MR-1 biofilms remain unquantified.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a flavin microelectrode for in-situ measurement within living biofilms.
  • To quantify flavin concentration in S. oneidensis MR-1 biofilms.
  • To elucidate the role of flavins in biofilm electron transfer.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a microelectrode with a carbon working electrode (10-30 microm tip), platinum counter electrode, and Ag/AgCl reference electrode.
  • Detection of flavins using square-wave voltammetry, calibrated from 0.1 to 10 microM.
  • Development of a model to analyze electrochemical mechanisms and microelectrode properties.

Main Results:

  • A linear correlation was observed between flavin concentration and peak currents at -424 mV(Ag/AgCl).
  • The microelectrode's effective surface area was approximately 100 times its projected area.
  • Flavin concentration reached 0.7 microM within the biofilm, increasing in anaerobic regions.

Conclusions:

  • The developed microelectrode successfully measured flavins in situ within S. oneidensis MR-1 biofilms.
  • Flavin concentrations are higher in anaerobic zones of the biofilm.
  • Flavins may function as intermediate electron acceptors in anoxic biofilm environments.