Spontaneous pneumothorax in a case of pulmonary langerhans cell histiocytosis

Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disease involving clonal proliferation of Langerhans cells, abnormal cells deriving from bone marrow and capable of migrating from skin to lymph nodes. Clinically, its manifestations range from isolated bone lesions to multisystem disease. The authors present the case of 37 years old male, first diagnosed with Pulmonary LCH (PLCH) 9 years before current admission in thoracic surgery department, with left recurrent pneumothorax. The appropriate surgical resolution for this patient is thoracoscopic surgery with pleuro-pulmonary symphysis, resulting complete lung expansion. This procedure results in a significantly lower occurrence of subsequent same side pneumothorax, thus being the best choice for these patients.