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Updated: May 24, 2026

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Published on: December 6, 2016
Cone beam computed tomography and obstructive sleep apnoea
1Residency Training Program, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, VCU Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia 23233, USA. rstrauss@mcvh-vcu.edu
Abstract:
Sleep apnoea is characterized by an intermittent cessation or diminution of airflow during sleep that may result in significant pulmonary and cardiac consequences, and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. It is a common disease that affects approximately 20% of patients who snore, equating to a total prevalence in the population of about 4% of all middle aged men and 2% of women. In reality, due to lack of recognition and the difficulty with obtaining an accurate diagnosis, the actual incidence is likely much higher.
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