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Southeast Asian foot-and-mouth disease viruses in Eastern Asia

Nick J Knowles1, Jijun He, Youjun Shang

  • 1Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright, UK.

Emerging Infectious Diseases
|March 2, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) outbreaks in Japan and South Korea were caused by viruses from Southeast Asia. Genetic analysis traced the FMD serotype A and O viruses to their endemic origins.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Recent Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) outbreaks occurred in FMD-free countries: Japan and South Korea.
  • These nations previously maintained FMD-free status without routine vaccination protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the origin and genetic characteristics of FMD viruses causing recent outbreaks in Japan and South Korea.
  • To understand the epidemiological links between FMD outbreaks in eastern Asia.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of viral protein 1 (VP1) nucleotide sequences.
  • Phylogenetic analysis of FMD virus isolates.

Main Results:

  • The FMD viruses identified in Japan and South Korea belonged to serotypes A and O.
  • Sequence analysis revealed that these FMD viruses originated from mainland Southeast Asia.
  • The genetic data indicated a clear link to the endemic FMD virus populations in that region.

Conclusions:

  • The recent FMD outbreaks in Japan and South Korea were attributed to viruses originating from endemic sources in Southeast Asia.
  • Understanding viral origins is crucial for preventing future FMD incursions in FMD-free regions.
  • Molecular epidemiology provides essential data for FMD surveillance and control strategies.

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