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Mentalizing in first-episode psychosis.

Amélie M Achim1, Rosalie Ouellet, Marc-André Roy

  • 1Centre de Recherche de l'Institut, Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada. amelie.achim@crulrg.ulaval.ca

Psychiatry Research
|March 2, 2012
PubMed
Summary

People with first episode psychosis (FEP) show significant mentalizing deficits, independent of social cue recognition or reasoning skills. These impairments in mentalizing may impact social functioning and could be a target for cognitive remediation in FEP.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Mentalizing deficits are common in schizophrenia.
  • Emerging evidence suggests similar deficits in first episode psychosis (FEP).
  • The underlying cognitive factors contributing to these deficits in FEP are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate mentalizing abilities in individuals with FEP.
  • To determine if deficits in social cue recognition, social knowledge, or general reasoning explain observed mentalizing impairments in FEP.
  • To explore the relationship between mentalizing, other cognitive skills, and social functioning in FEP.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed mentalizing using a novel, validated task in 31 individuals with FEP and 31 matched controls.
  • Evaluated social cue recognition, social knowledge, and non-social reasoning in all participants.
  • Employed statistical analyses to control for underlying cognitive processes.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with FEP exhibited the most significant impairment in mentalizing.
  • This mentalizing deficit persisted even after controlling for social cue recognition, social knowledge, and non-social reasoning.
  • Non-social reasoning and social knowledge significantly contributed to mentalizing performance.
  • Social cognition measures, particularly mentalizing, correlated strongly with social functioning in the FEP group.

Conclusions:

  • Mentalizing is a core social cognition deficit in FEP, distinct from other cognitive processes.
  • Impaired mentalizing may underlie functional impairments observed in FEP.
  • Cognitive remediation targeting mentalizing, or related skills like social knowledge and general reasoning, may benefit individuals with FEP.