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Updated: May 24, 2026
Adjuvant Activity of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in Enhancing the Immunogenicity of Autoantigens During Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
Published on: May 12, 2023
Administration of poly[di(sodium carboxylatoethylphenoxy)]phosphazene (PCEP) as adjuvant activated mixed Th1/Th2
Arshud Dar1, Ken Lai, Donna Dent
1Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, 120-Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5E3. Arshud.Dar@usask.ca
Abstract:
The selection of an optimal adjuvant to enhance the potency and longevity of antigen specific immune responses has always been imperative for the development of more effective and safer vaccines. A balanced type of immune enhancing ability of a new adjuvant known as polyphosphazene (PCEP) has been demonstrated in mice. In the present study we have compared the humoral and cellular immune responses to vaccine formulations containing Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae outer membrane antigen (OmlA) with PCEP or Emulsigen as adjuvants. Our data showed a significant improvement and a shift toward more balanced immune responses when OmlA antigen was formulated with PCEP and CpG ODN. Moreover, in contrast to Emulsigen, immunization with PCEP did not result in local injection site reactions highlighting its potential as a safe and effective adjuvant for pigs. Further, the ease of formulation, administration and relatively low per dose cost of PCEP make it a promising adjuvant for pigs.
