Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

Sleep-Wake Cycles

Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:
Stages of Sleep01:22

Stages of Sleep

Sleep progresses through distinct stages, each characterized by specific brain wave patterns and physiological responses ranging from wakefulness to stages of non-rapid eye movement, known as non-REM, to rapid eye movement, referred to as REM. Understanding these stages helps in recognizing how sleep supports various bodily and cognitive functions.
Before sleep begins, in wakefulness, the brain exhibits primarily beta waves, which are high in frequency and low in amplitude, indicating alertness...
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder01:15

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
RBD is significantly associated with...
Understanding Sleep01:11

Understanding Sleep

Sleep, an essential biological state, involves significant reductions in physical activity, sensory awareness, and interaction with the environment. This complex physiological process is primarily regulated by specific brain regions, notably the hypothalamus and pons, which govern the sleep-wake cycle or circadian rhythm.
The circadian rhythm, a nearly 24-hour cycle, is deeply influenced by environmental light cues. Light exposure directly affects the hypothalamus, which in turn regulates...
Nightmares and Night Terrors01:18

Nightmares and Night Terrors

Nightmares and night terrors represent two distinct types of sleep disturbances that differ in timing, characteristics, and the sleeper's recall of the event. Nightmares are vivid, disturbing dreams that usually awaken the sleeper from REM sleep, a stage of sleep where brain activity is high, and dreams are most frequent. Upon awakening, individuals often have detailed recollections of their nightmares, which can include themes of threats to survival, security, or self-esteem.
Nightmares often...
Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation01:13

Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation

Insufficient sleep refers to not getting the recommended amount of sleep for optimal functioning, even if it's just slightly less than needed. Sleep insufficiency may occur due to lifestyle choices, such as staying up late for social events or work, resulting in routinely getting less sleep than required. For example, consistently sleeping 6 hours when the body needs 7-9 hours can lead to cumulative effects on health and well-being.
Sleep deprivation is a more severe form of sleep loss...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Clinical phenotypes of ischaemic stroke patients and early cardiovascular complications: a latent class analysis from the Perugia Stroke Registry.

Internal and emergency medicine·2026
Same author

From gene correlations to cell clusters: COTAN improved scRNA-seq analysis.

NAR genomics and bioinformatics·2026
Same author

Intravenous thrombolysis in patients with acute ischaemic stroke and active cancer (the ITACA-stroke study).

Journal of neurology·2025
Same author

Observational Health Data Analysis of the Cardiovascular Adverse Events of Systemic Treatment in Patients with Metastatic Hormone-sensitive Prostate Cancer: Big Data Analytics Using the PIONEER Platform.

European urology focus·2025
Same author

Incidence of Overactive Bladder Symptoms and Dysuria Following Transurethral Interventions for Benign Prostatic Enlargement: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Comparative and Randomized Studies.

Neurourology and urodynamics·2025
Same author

Endoscopic enucleation vs. robot-assisted simple prostatectomy for large prostates: a systematic review and meta-analysis of patients' perspectives.

Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases·2025
Same journal

Preface.

Frontiers of neurology and neuroscience·2021
Same journal

Hypocretin/Orexin, Sleep and Alzheimer's Disease.

Frontiers of neurology and neuroscience·2021
Same journal

Sleep and Metabolism: Implication of Lateral Hypothalamic Neurons.

Frontiers of neurology and neuroscience·2021
Same journal

The Insomnia-Addiction Positive Feedback Loop: Role of the Orexin System.

Frontiers of neurology and neuroscience·2021
Same journal

Heterogeneity of Hypocretin/Orexin Neurons.

Frontiers of neurology and neuroscience·2021
Same journal

Hypocretin/Orexin Receptor Pharmacology and Sleep Phases.

Frontiers of neurology and neuroscience·2021
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Quantifying Infra-slow Dynamics of Spectral Power and Heart Rate in Sleeping Mice
10:56

Quantifying Infra-slow Dynamics of Spectral Power and Heart Rate in Sleeping Mice

Published on: August 2, 2017

Sleep changes.

Andrea Alberti1

  • 1Stroke Unit and Division of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Perugia, Italy. andrea_alberti@hotmail.com

Frontiers of Neurology and Neuroscience
|March 2, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Stroke survivors frequently experience sleep difficulties, including insomnia and sleep apnea, which can worsen outcomes. Thorough investigation of sleep disorders in stroke patients is crucial for effective rehabilitation.

More Related Videos

Through-the-Wall Blood Sampling Method to Minimize Sleep Disruption in Clinical Settings
06:39

Through-the-Wall Blood Sampling Method to Minimize Sleep Disruption in Clinical Settings

Published on: June 13, 2025

Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments
08:36

Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments

Published on: August 8, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 24, 2026

Quantifying Infra-slow Dynamics of Spectral Power and Heart Rate in Sleeping Mice
10:56

Quantifying Infra-slow Dynamics of Spectral Power and Heart Rate in Sleeping Mice

Published on: August 2, 2017

Through-the-Wall Blood Sampling Method to Minimize Sleep Disruption in Clinical Settings
06:39

Through-the-Wall Blood Sampling Method to Minimize Sleep Disruption in Clinical Settings

Published on: June 13, 2025

Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments
08:36

Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments

Published on: August 8, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

  • Sleep difficulties are common in stroke patients.
  • Sleep disturbances can be both a cause and consequence of stroke.
  • Sleep-related breathing disorders are established risk factors for ischemic stroke.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the complex relationship between sleep and stroke.
  • To emphasize the impact of sleep disturbances on stroke outcomes.
  • To advocate for the clinical assessment of sleep disorders in stroke survivors.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on sleep disorders and stroke.
  • Analysis of the bidirectional relationship between sleep and cerebrovascular events.
  • Clinical observation of sleep disturbances post-stroke.

Main Results:

  • Stroke can trigger or worsen sleep disturbances like insomnia and hypersomnia.
  • Sleep problems are linked to poorer stroke outcomes across all stroke types.
  • Post-stroke sleep issues may stem from brain lesions, pain, disability, or mood changes.

Conclusions:

  • Sleep disturbances are a significant concern for stroke patients.
  • Identifying and managing sleep disorders is essential for stroke recovery.
  • Clinicians must proactively screen for sleep disorders during stroke rehabilitation.