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Dysarthria and mutism.

Nadezda Sternic1, Milija Mijajlovic, Gordana Tomic

  • 1Clinic for Neurology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Medical School of Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia. macasternic@yahoo.com

Frontiers of Neurology and Neuroscience
|March 2, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Dysarthria is a speech disorder impacting articulation clarity and speech production. It affects speech intelligibility and smoothness but spares language comprehension and expression.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Speech-Language Pathology

Background:

  • Dysarthria is a motor speech disorder characterized by impaired articulation, affecting speech intelligibility, smoothness, loudness, and clarity.
  • Key features include slow, slurred articulation, a sensation of a 'thick' tongue, and difficulty reproducing speech sound features.
  • Unlike aphasia, dysarthria does not affect language processing, vocabulary, grammar, reading, writing, or speech comprehension.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define and characterize the multifaceted nature of dysarthria.
  • To differentiate dysarthria from other communication disorders, particularly those affecting language.
  • To highlight the neurological underpinnings and associated conditions like lacunar syndromes.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical observation and description of speech characteristics.

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  • Analysis of patient-reported symptoms related to oral sensation and speech production.
  • Categorization based on lesion localization and associated neurological syndromes.

    • Main Results:

    • Dysarthria presents with specific impairments in the physical, tonal, and sound aspects of speech.
    • Slowed articulatory movements and reduced speech clarity are hallmark symptoms.
    • The disorder is classified based on lesion location, with potential links to lacunar syndromes.

    Conclusions:

    • Dysarthria is a distinct motor speech disorder affecting articulation rather than language.
    • Understanding lesion localization is crucial for classifying dysarthria types.
    • Further research into associated neurological conditions like lacunar syndromes is warranted.