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Related Concept Videos

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...
Large Intestine01:09

Large Intestine

The large intestine is divided into three main regions: the cecum, colon, and rectum. Extending from the ileocecal valve to the anus, it frames the small intestine on three sides.
The ileocecal sphincter, a mucous membrane fold, guards the opening from the ileum to the large intestine. This valve permits material from the small intestine to pass into the large intestine. Attached to the ileocecal valve is the cecum. This small pouch, approximately 6 cm long, has a twisted, coiled tube known as...
Muscles of the Pelvic Floor and Perineum01:26

Muscles of the Pelvic Floor and Perineum

The muscles of the pelvic floor and perineum are crucial for supporting the pelvic organs, controlling continence, and aiding in sexual function, childbirth, and core stability. They are typically divided into the superficial perineal layer and the deep pelvic floor layer.
Perineal Layer
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
Feces Formation and Defecation01:26

Feces Formation and Defecation

After spending 3 to 10 hours in the large intestine, chyme loses a lot of water and becomes feces, the final product of digestion. Feces consist of undigested dietary fiber such as cellulose, mucus, sloughed-off epithelial cells, and microbes. The descending and sigmoid colon stores feces and uses haustral contractions to dry it out but retains enough water to give it a semi-solid texture.
The mass peristalsis then pushes the feces into the rectum, which stretches the rectal walls to activate...
Oral Cavity01:11

Oral Cavity

The oral cavity, or the mouth, is a complex structure in humans that plays a vital role in our day-to-day lives. Its role is not only in chewing and swallowing food; it also plays a role in speech and facial expressions.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

The C-seal: A Biofragmentable Drain Protecting the Stapled Colorectal Anastomosis from Leakage
07:51

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Published on: November 4, 2010

Anal fissure.

Karen N Zaghiyan, Phillip Fleshner

    Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery
    |March 2, 2012
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Anal fissures are common anorectal issues linked to high anal sphincter pressures. Treatments aim to reduce pressure, with lateral internal sphincterotomy being the gold standard for persistent cases.

    Keywords:
    Anal fissureanal sphincter hypertoniafissure in anosphincterotomy

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    Area of Science:

    • Gastroenterology
    • Colorectal Surgery

    Background:

    • Anal fissure is a prevalent anorectal condition.
    • High anal sphincter pressures are strongly associated with anal fissures.
    • Current treatments focus on reducing anal pressures.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the presentation, pathophysiology, and management of anal fissures.
    • To highlight treatment options for anal fissures.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of anal fissure management.
    • Analysis of conservative, pharmacologic, and surgical treatment outcomes.

    Main Results:

    • Conservative management (fiber, warm baths) heals about 50% of fissures.
    • Pharmacologic and surgical options provide satisfactory cure rates for refractory fissures.
    • Lateral internal sphincterotomy is the definitive treatment of choice.

    Conclusions:

    • Effective management strategies exist for anal fissures.
    • Treatment selection depends on fissure severity and response to conservative care.
    • Lateral internal sphincterotomy offers a high cure rate for chronic or severe anal fissures.