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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle01:28

Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle

The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
Myasthenia Gravis ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Myasthenia Gravis ll: Pathophysiology

The disease process of myasthenia gravis begins at the neuromuscular junction, where antibodies attack key proteins needed for muscle activation. This immune reaction weakens signal transmission, leading to the characteristic muscle fatigue and weakness that define the condition.Immune-Mediated DamageIn most individuals, antibodies target acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) on the postsynaptic membrane of muscle cells. By blocking acetylcholine binding, these antibodies prevent the nerve signal...
Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment01:20

Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment

Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular transmission disorder characterized by weakness and increased fatigability of skeletal muscles. It is an autoimmune disease affecting approximately one in 2000 people, where antibodies against the α1 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are produced.
These antibodies interfere with the function of the nicotinic receptors in three ways: by binding to the receptor and disrupting acetylcholine binding; by causing cross-linking of receptors which leads...
Myasthenia Gravis: Diagnostic Tests01:15

Myasthenia Gravis: Diagnostic Tests

Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune condition affecting neuromuscular transmission, causing generalized weakness in skeletal muscles. Initial diagnoses rely on patients' signs, symptoms, and medical history. The challenge lies in distinguishing myasthenia from other muscular dystrophies. An important diagnostic feature is the significant improvement of symptoms after administering anticholinesterase inhibitors.
The edrophonium test is a diagnostic tool for myasthenia gravis. It involves...
Chemical Synapses01:26

Chemical Synapses

Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
Because chemical synapses depend on the release of neurotransmitter molecules from synaptic vesicles to pass on their signal, there is an approximately one millisecond delay between when the axon potential reaches the presynaptic terminal and when the neurotransmitter leads to opening of postsynaptic ion channels. Additionally, this signaling is...
Chemical Synapses01:26

Chemical Synapses

Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
Because chemical synapses depend on the release of neurotransmitter molecules from synaptic vesicles to pass on their signal, there is an approximately one millisecond delay between when the axon potential reaches the presynaptic terminal and when the neurotransmitter leads to opening of postsynaptic ion channels. Additionally, this signaling is...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

A Simple Approach to Induce Experimental Autoimmune Neuritis in C57BL/6 Mice for Functional and Neuropathological Assessments
07:30

A Simple Approach to Induce Experimental Autoimmune Neuritis in C57BL/6 Mice for Functional and Neuropathological Assessments

Published on: November 9, 2017

Autoimmune neuromuscular disorders.

Jessica Kraker1, Saša A Zivković

  • 1Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Current Neuropharmacology
|March 2, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autoimmune neuromuscular disorders involve complex immune responses affecting nerves and muscles. Current treatments like corticosteroids and immunoglobulins are common, while newer targeted therapies show promise but require further study.

Keywords:
Autoimmunemyasthenia gravismyositisneuromuscularneuropathytreatment.

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Systemic Delivery of MicroRNA Using Recombinant Adeno-associated Virus Serotype 9 to Treat Neuromuscular Diseases in Rodents
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Systemic Delivery of MicroRNA Using Recombinant Adeno-associated Virus Serotype 9 to Treat Neuromuscular Diseases in Rodents

Published on: August 10, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 24, 2026

A Simple Approach to Induce Experimental Autoimmune Neuritis in C57BL/6 Mice for Functional and Neuropathological Assessments
07:30

A Simple Approach to Induce Experimental Autoimmune Neuritis in C57BL/6 Mice for Functional and Neuropathological Assessments

Published on: November 9, 2017

Systemic Delivery of MicroRNA Using Recombinant Adeno-associated Virus Serotype 9 to Treat Neuromuscular Diseases in Rodents
06:51

Systemic Delivery of MicroRNA Using Recombinant Adeno-associated Virus Serotype 9 to Treat Neuromuscular Diseases in Rodents

Published on: August 10, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Immunology
  • Pathogenesis

Background:

  • Autoimmune neuromuscular disorders present a broad clinical spectrum with varied underlying causes.
  • The peripheral nervous system can be affected by intricate immune responses involving cytokines, antigen-presenting cells, B cells, and T cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathogenetic mechanisms and treatment strategies for autoimmune neuromuscular disorders.
  • To discuss the evolution of therapeutic approaches from conventional treatments to novel targeted therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on autoimmune neuromuscular disorders.
  • Analysis of current treatment protocols including corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulins, and plasmapheresis.
  • Evaluation of emerging therapies such as monoclonal antibodies.

Main Results:

  • Conventional treatments primarily involve corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulins, and plasmapheresis.
  • Cytotoxic agents are frequently used as steroid-sparing alternatives.
  • Newer monoclonal antibody therapies target specific immune pathways but have unknown long-term efficacy and potential adverse effects.

Conclusions:

  • Autoimmune neuromuscular disorders necessitate a comprehensive understanding of immune system involvement.
  • While established treatments exist, the development of targeted therapies offers new avenues but requires ongoing investigation into safety and efficacy.