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Related Concept Videos

Electron Behavior00:54

Electron Behavior

Overview
Electrons are negatively charged subatomic particles that are attracted to an orbit around the positively-charged nucleus of an atom. They reside in locations that are associated with energy levels called shells and are further organized into sub-shells and orbitals within each shell.
Electrons Orbit the Nucleus
Electrons are found in specific locations outside of the nucleus. The shell in which an electron resides indicates the general energy level of the electron: those closer to the...
Electron Behavior01:09

Electron Behavior

Electrons are negatively charged subatomic particles attracted to and orbit around the positively-charged nucleus of an atom. They reside in spaces associated with energy levels called shells and are further organized into subshells and orbitals within each shell.
Electrons Orbit the Nucleus
Electrons are found in specific locations outside of the nucleus. The shell in which an electron resides indicates the general energy level of the electron: those closer to the nucleus have less energy,...
Thomson's e/m Experiment01:19

Thomson's e/m Experiment

In a beam of charged particles created by a heated cathode, the particles move at different speeds. However, many applications need a beam with uniform particle speeds. An arrangement known as a velocity selector uses electric and magnetic fields to pick particles with a particular speed from the beam.
A particle with charge q, speed v, and mass m enters an area from the top, where the magnetic and electric fields are perpendicular both to the particle's motion and to one another. The magnetic...
Transmission Electron Microscopy01:15

Transmission Electron Microscopy

In 1931, physicist Ernst Ruska—building on the idea that magnetic fields can direct an electron beam just as lenses can direct a beam of light in an optical microscope—developed the first prototype of the electron microscope. This development led to the development of the field of electron microscopy. In the transmission electron microscope (TEM), electrons are produced by a hot tungsten element and accelerated by a potential difference in an electron gun, which gives them up to 400 keV in...
Subatomic Particles03:37

Subatomic Particles

Dalton was only partially correct about the particles that make up matter. All matter is composed of atoms, and atoms are composed of three smaller subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. These three particles account for the mass and the charge of an atom.
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Automated Delivery of Microfabricated Targets for Intense Laser Irradiation Experiments
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Automated Delivery of Microfabricated Targets for Intense Laser Irradiation Experiments

Published on: January 28, 2021

Physics research and technology developments of electron string ion sources.

D E Donets1, E E Donets, T Honma

  • 1Veksler and Baldin Laboratory of High Energy Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|March 3, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recent experiments explore electron string phenomena and stability, detailing advancements in electron string ion sources (ESIS) for efficient ion beam generation and cooling.

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Experimental Methods for Trapping Ions Using Microfabricated Surface Ion Traps
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Experimental Methods for Trapping Ions Using Microfabricated Surface Ion Traps

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Area of Science:

  • Plasma Physics
  • Atomic and Molecular Physics
  • Ion Source Technology

Background:

  • The electron string phenomenon is a complex plasma state with implications for ion generation.
  • Understanding the stability of electron strings under varying conditions is crucial for technological applications.
  • Electron String Ion Sources (ESIS) offer a novel approach to producing ion beams.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present the latest experimental findings on electron string phenomena.
  • To describe new technological developments in Electron String Ion Sources (ESIS).
  • To highlight progress in constructing a new ESIS facility at JINR.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental investigation of electron string state transitions and stability.
  • Development of pulse injection techniques for gaseous species into electron strings.
  • Implementation of slow ion extraction and ion-ion cooling methods.
  • Progress in the construction of a 6 T solenoid ESIS.

Main Results:

  • Characterization of the two-step transition to the electron string state.
  • Assessment of e-string stability with electron energy recuperation.
  • Demonstration of efficient conversion of gaseous species to ion beams using ESIS.
  • Advancements in ion-ion cooling of heavy ions using methane (CH4).

Conclusions:

  • The study provides critical insights into electron string dynamics and stability.
  • New ESIS technologies enable efficient ion beam production and manipulation.
  • The ongoing development of the JINR ESIS facility promises further advancements in the field.