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Related Concept Videos

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy

The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
Diabetes Mellitus: Introduction01:26

Diabetes Mellitus: Introduction

Diabetes mellitus consists of chronic metabolic disorders characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. This elevated blood glucose results from defects in insulin secretion, impaired insulin action, or both. Insulin, produced by pancreatic β-cells, is essential for maintaining glucose homeostasis by facilitating cellular glucose uptake for energy or storage. Disruptions in insulin production or function lead to glucose accumulation in the bloodstream, causing the clinical features and long-term...
Hypoglycemia and Glucagon01:15

Hypoglycemia and Glucagon

Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...
Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis01:25

Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis

Type 2 diabetes mellitus develops gradually and is often asymptomatic in early stages.Clinical ManifestationsWhen symptoms appear, they include fatigue, blurred vision, pruritus, delayed wound healing, and recurrent infections, particularly candidal infections. Peripheral neuropathy may present as numbness or tingling in the extremities. Classic hyperglycemia symptoms—polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia—are less common. Most patients are overweight and frequently have associated hypertension...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

An In Ovo Model for Testing Insulin-mimetic Compounds
06:09

An In Ovo Model for Testing Insulin-mimetic Compounds

Published on: April 23, 2018

Emerging diabetes therapies and technologies.

Emily G Moser1, Audrey A Morris, Satish K Garg

  • 1School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, United States.

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
|March 3, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Global diabetes rates are rising, but new technologies like continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and advanced insulins improve glycemic control. These innovations promise better patient outcomes and quality of life for those with diabetes.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 24, 2026

An In Ovo Model for Testing Insulin-mimetic Compounds
06:09

An In Ovo Model for Testing Insulin-mimetic Compounds

Published on: April 23, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Diseases
  • Medical Technology

Background:

  • Global diabetes prevalence is increasing, projected to reach 439 million by 2030.
  • Improved glycemic control, measured by glycosylated hemoglobin (A1c), reduces micro- and macrovascular complications in type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advancements in diabetes management technologies.
  • To highlight the impact of new therapies on glycemic control and patient quality of life.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent advancements in diabetes care.
  • Analysis of new oral medications, insulin analogs, insulin delivery systems (pens, pumps), SMBG meters, and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM).
  • Discussion of emerging closed-loop systems and novel insulins like Degludec.

Main Results:

  • New technologies such as CGM and insulin analogs have improved glycemic control.
  • Emerging innovations, including closed-loop systems and new basal/prandial insulins, are expected to further enhance treatment efficacy.
  • Improved glycemic control leads to reduced diabetes-related complications.

Conclusions:

  • Technological advancements and novel therapies are significantly improving glycemic control in diabetes.
  • Future innovations promise enhanced patient acceptance of intensive therapy, better glycemic management, and improved quality of life for individuals with diabetes.