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Related Concept Videos

Computed Tomography01:10

Computed Tomography

Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
The technique was invented in the 1970s and is based on the principle that as X-rays pass through the body, they are absorbed or reflected at different levels. In the technique, a patient lies on a motorized platform while a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanner rotates...

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[Cone-beam computed tomography-derived adaptive radiotherapy].

Masato Maruyama1, Ryuji Murakami, Yuji Nakaguchi

  • 1Department of Radiological Technology, Kumamoto University Hospital.

Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi
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Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) offers reliable adaptive radiotherapy by providing accurate anatomical data for dose calculations. This image-guided radiotherapy tool ensures precise patient setup and can be effectively used for dose calculations, enhancing treatment accuracy.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Radiotherapy
  • Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

  • Adaptive radiotherapy (ART) aims to adjust treatment based on anatomical changes during therapy.
  • Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is increasingly used for image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT).
  • Evaluating the reliability of CBCT-derived data for ART is crucial for clinical implementation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the reliability of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for adaptive radiotherapy (ART).
  • To compare CBCT-derived data with planning computed tomography (pCT) for dose calculation parameters.
  • To evaluate the accuracy of anatomical information and dose calculations using CBCT in IGRT.

Main Methods:

  • Fifty patients undergoing IGRT with CBCT were included, with 10 patients each for head, neck, chest, abdomen, and pelvis sites.
  • Treatment plans were recalculated using CBCT data for 153 beams.
  • Comparisons between pCT and CBCT involved evaluating CT values of normal tissues, body contour, effective depth, and monitor unit (MU) calculations.

Main Results:

  • Maximum CT value differences were noted in lung estimations.
  • Depth differences of 5 mm or more occurred in 2 pelvic cases; CBCT also showed abdominal wall shifts due to intestinal motility.
  • Effective depth and MU showed downward trends with CBCT, particularly in lung cases, but dose differences remained under 5% due to multifield plans.

Conclusions:

  • CBCT provides accurate anatomical information for precise daily patient setup in IGRT.
  • CBCT demonstrates potential as a valuable tool for dose calculations in adaptive radiotherapy.
  • The reliability of CBCT for ART supports its use in improving treatment accuracy and patient outcomes.