Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Acute Kidney Injury Model Induced by Cisplatin in Adult Zebrafish
13:25

Acute Kidney Injury Model Induced by Cisplatin in Adult Zebrafish

Published on: May 15, 2021

Cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and targets of nephroprotection: an update

Neife Aparecida Guinaim dos Santos1, Maria Augusta Carvalho Rodrigues, Nadia Maria Martins

  • 1Department of Clinical, Toxicological Analyses and Food Sciences of School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil.

Archives of Toxicology
|March 3, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Cisplatin chemotherapy causes kidney damage (nephrotoxicity), but research is exploring new protective strategies. Oxidative stress is a key factor in this damage, offering a target for developing better nephroprotection methods.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Cisplatin is a vital chemotherapy drug with significant kidney toxicity.
  • Current nephroprotective measures are insufficient, necessitating novel strategies.
  • Understanding cisplatin nephrotoxicity mechanisms is crucial for clinical application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.
  • To summarize proposed protective strategies and their effectiveness.
  • To highlight the role of oxidative stress in renal damage.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of preclinical and clinical studies.
  • Analysis of pathways involved in cisplatin nephrotoxicity.
  • Discussion of emerging nephroprotective agents and targets.

Main Results:

  • Multiple pathways contribute to cisplatin nephrotoxicity, often converging.
  • Oxidative stress is a central mechanism, acting as both a trigger and consequence.
  • Various agents and strategies show promise but require further validation.

Conclusions:

  • Oxidative stress is a key target for mitigating cisplatin nephrotoxicity.
  • Further research is needed to develop effective and safe nephroprotective interventions.
  • A comprehensive understanding of these pathways can improve cancer patient outcomes.

More Related Videos

Assessment of Mitochondrial Functions and Cell Viability in Renal Cells Overexpressing Protein Kinase C Isozymes15:43

Assessment of Mitochondrial Functions and Cell Viability in Renal Cells Overexpressing Protein Kinase C Isozymes

Published on: January 7, 2013

Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists01:28

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists

Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors are distributed across the GI tract, vagal afferents, and key CNS regions including the central vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) Chemotherapy agents stimulate enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to release large amounts of substance P (SP). SP is a neuropeptide released by specific sensory nerves in response to many different stressors, including those in the GI mucosa affected by chemotherapy.  SP binds and activates these...
Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Dose Adjustments Based on Drug Clearance and Elimination Rate Constant01:25

Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Dose Adjustments Based on Drug Clearance and Elimination Rate Constant

In patients with renal disease, dosage adjustments are necessary to maintain therapeutic plasma drug concentrations and prevent toxicity or subtherapeutic exposure. Renal impairment alters drug pharmacokinetics, especially in conditions like uremia, where changes such as prolonged elimination half-life and altered apparent volume of distribution can significantly affect drug disposition. These changes require careful modification of the dosing regimen to achieve the desired clinical...
Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management01:22

Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) results in an inability to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance. Effective nursing management is critical in improving patient outcomes and includes comprehensive patient assessment and targeted interventions.Comprehensive Patient AssessmentA detailed history collection is essential, focusing on any recent infections, nephrotoxic medication use, or chronic conditions such as hypertension and diabetes that may contribute to AKI. During the physical...
Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care01:20

Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...
Pharmacogenetics of Phase II Enzymes: N-acetyltransferase, Thiopurine S-methyltransferase, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase01:27

Pharmacogenetics of Phase II Enzymes: N-acetyltransferase, Thiopurine S-methyltransferase, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase

Phase II biotransformation reactions are essential for detoxifying and eliminating xenobiotics, including many pharmaceutical compounds. These reactions typically involve conjugation, the covalent attachment of polar endogenous groups such as glucuronic acid, sulfate, methyl, or acetyl moieties to functional groups introduced during Phase I metabolism. The resulting conjugates are more water-soluble, enabling efficient renal or biliary excretion.The major classes of Phase II enzymes include...