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Majed Mark Samarneh1, Norbert Shtaynberg, Michael Goldman

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Toxicology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Ethylene glycol is metabolized to toxic metabolites, including oxalate.
  • Oxalate deposition in renal parenchyma leads to acute kidney injury.
  • Neurological sequelae can occur secondary to oxalate toxicity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of ethylene glycol toxicity presenting with anuric renal failure and subsequent neurological sequelae.
  • To discuss the pathophysiology of ethylene glycol metabolism and oxalate formation.
  • To highlight the potential for recovery despite severe oxalosis.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 31-year-old male with ethylene glycol ingestion.
  • Clinical presentation, laboratory findings, and management are described.
  • Discussion of ethylene glycol metabolism and oxalate nephropathy.

Main Results:

  • The patient presented with anuric renal failure and developed neurological sequelae.
  • Renal biopsy findings consistent with oxalosis were presumed.
  • Despite severe oxalosis, the patient showed significant recovery, ceasing hemodialysis and experiencing minimal neurological deficits.

Conclusions:

  • Ethylene glycol toxicity can manifest with diverse clinical presentations and organ involvements.
  • Oxalate deposition can affect multiple organs, including the kidneys and nervous system.
  • Recovery from severe oxalosis is possible, even with significant organ damage, though often limited.