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Related Concept Videos

Immunofluorescence Microscopy01:12

Immunofluorescence Microscopy

A fluorescence microscope uses fluorescent chromophores called fluorochromes, which can absorb energy from a light source and then emit this energy as visible light. Fluorochromes include naturally fluorescent substances (such as chlorophylls) and fluorescent stains that are added to the specimen to create contrast. Dyes such as Texas red and FITC are examples of fluorochromes. Other examples include the nucleic acid dyes 4’,6’-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), and acridine orange.
The...

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Immunofluorescence Imaging of DNA Damage and Repair Foci in Human Colon Cancer Cells
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Cellular autofluorescence following ionizing radiation.

Dörthe Schaue1, Josephine A Ratikan, Keisuke S Iwamoto

  • 1Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America.

Plos One
|March 3, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ionizing radiation exposure causes a significant increase in cellular autofluorescence, linked to metabolic changes. This radiation-induced autofluorescence may serve as a clinical tool for monitoring cellular responses.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biophysics
  • Radiation Biology

Background:

  • Cellular autofluorescence, often observed under UV excitation, provides insights into cellular metabolism.
  • Understanding cellular responses to radiation is crucial for radiation biology and clinical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of ionizing radiation on cellular autofluorescence in human and murine cell types.
  • To determine the relationship between ionizing radiation, autofluorescence, and intracellular metabolic changes.
  • To explore the role of mitochondria, metabolism, and calcium homeostasis in radiation-induced autofluorescence.

Main Methods:

  • Exposure of human and murine cell types to varying doses and times of ionizing radiation.
  • Measurement of cellular autofluorescence across different wavelengths.
  • Quantification of intracellular metabolic co-factors, specifically flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH).
  • Comparison of responses in cells with and without mitochondria, and cells with altered calcium levels.

Main Results:

  • Ionizing radiation induced a dose- and time-dependent increase in cellular autofluorescence.
  • A reproducible fluorescent shift was observed, correlating with increased levels of FAD and NADH.
  • Mitochondria, cellular metabolism, and Ca(2+) homeostasis were identified as critical factors for this phenomenon.
  • Cells lacking mitochondria or with impaired calcium regulation did not exhibit the characteristic autofluorescence changes.

Conclusions:

  • Ionizing radiation significantly alters cellular autofluorescence in a manner linked to metabolic co-factors FAD and NADH.
  • Mitochondrial function and calcium homeostasis are essential for the observed radiation-induced autofluorescence.
  • Cellular autofluorescence presents a potential tool for monitoring radiation responses in clinical settings.