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Xylene/amitraz: a pharmacologic review and profile
1Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens 30602.
Veterinary and Human Toxicology
|October 1, 1990
Summary
Accidental ingestion of xylene and amitraz products by children is not reported. In dogs, ingestion caused depression, ataxia, and coma, with hyperglycemia and bradycardia linked to amitraz toxicity.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Toxicology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Limited data exists on the toxic effects of xylene and amitraz following ingestion, particularly in pediatric cases.
- Previous studies focused on dermal application in dogs, leaving ingestion mechanisms undetermined.
Observation:
- A retrospective analysis of medical records from the Georgia Animal Poison Information Center was conducted.
- The study focused on cases of suspected toxicosis in dogs following accidental ingestion of a xylene/amitraz-containing product.
Findings:
- Xylene and propylene oxide components were associated with central nervous system depression, including ataxia, stupor, and coma.
- Amitraz's alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonist activity likely caused hyperglycemia, hypotension, and bradycardia in affected dogs.
Implications:
- Understanding the specific toxic effects of xylene and amitraz via ingestion is crucial for veterinary emergency treatment.
- This data highlights the importance of secure storage of veterinary products to prevent accidental pediatric exposure.