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Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...

Mechanism of Angiogenesis

Mechanism of Angiogenesis

Blood vessel formation starts early during embryonic development, around day 7. In the extraembryonic yolk sac, mesodermal precursor cells called hemangioblast proliferate and differentiate into angioblast. Angioblasts express vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 or VEGFR2, which binds VEGF-A, a proangiogenic factor, guiding blood vessel formation. VEGF signaling promotes angioblasts to form a blood island in the developing embryo. Angioblasts further differentiate, giving rise to...

Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue

Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue

In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits. Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and factor...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Quantitative PCR-based Assay to Measure Sonic Hedgehog Signaling in Cellular Model of Ciliogenesis

Quantitative PCR-based Assay to Measure Sonic Hedgehog Signaling in Cellular Model of Ciliogenesis

Published on: January 31, 2025

Sonic Hedgehog on microparticles and neovascularization.

Raffaella Soleti¹, Maria Carmen Martinez

¹INSERM U1063, Université d’Angers, Angers, France.

Vitamins and Hormones

|March 7, 2012

Summary

Microparticles (MPs) carrying Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) from T lymphocytes promote new blood vessel formation. These SHH-carrying MPs enhance neovascularization, offering a potential therapy for conditions with impaired blood vessel growth.

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Area of Science:

Cell Biology
Developmental Biology
Biochemistry

Background:

Neovascularization, primarily angiogenesis postnatally, is crucial for physiological and pathological processes.
The formation of blood vessels is a complex, tightly regulated process involving proangiogenic and antiangiogenic factors.
Microvesicles (MVs), including microparticles (MPs) and exosomes, are emerging as key regulators of neovascularization.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) carried by T lymphocyte-derived microparticles (MPs) in neovascularization.
To explore the therapeutic potential of SHH-carrying MPs in treating angiogenesis-related disorders.

Main Methods:

Analysis of SHH presence on MPs generated from activated and apoptotic T lymphocytes.
In vitro assessment of MPs' effects on angiogenesis.
In vivo evaluation of MPs' efficacy in enhancing postischemic neovascularization.

Main Results:

MPs derived from T lymphocytes harbor Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) on their surface.
These SHH-positive MPs modulate key steps of angiogenesis in vitro.
Administration of SHH-carrying MPs significantly enhances postischemic neovascularization in vivo.

Conclusions:

T lymphocyte-derived MPs carrying SHH play a significant role in vascular network development.
SHH-carrying MPs represent a promising novel therapeutic strategy for pathologies characterized by insufficient angiogenesis.