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Finite Element Analysis Model for Assessing Expansion Patterns from Surgically Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion
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Skeletal and dentoalveolar changes in the maxillary bone morphology using two-arm maxillary expander.

Dana Cristina Bratu1, Em A Bratu, G Popa

  • 1Department of Pedodontics and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania. danacristinabratu@yahoo.com

Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology = Revue Roumaine De Morphologie Et Embryologie
|March 8, 2012
PubMed
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Rapid palatal expansion appliances effectively alter maxillary bone morphology, primarily in the transverse dimension. These devices expand dentition and the alveolar process, opening the midpalatal suture.

Area of Science:

  • Orthodontics and Dental Anthropology
  • Craniofacial Development and Remodeling

Background:

  • Maxillary hypoplasia and transverse discrepancies are common orthodontic concerns.
  • Rapid palatal expansion (RPE) is a widely used technique to address these issues.
  • Understanding the specific skeletal and dental changes induced by RPE is crucial for treatment planning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the dental and skeletal changes in maxillary bone morphology resulting from the use of two-arm rapid palatal expansion (RPE) appliances.
  • To analyze the impact of RPE on intermolar width, interpremolar width, molar tipping, and palatal depth.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 22 girls (average age 11.9 years) treated with RPE appliances.
  • Evaluation of changes using an optical 3D scanner on study casts and analysis of radiographs.

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  • Statistical analysis included pre- and post-treatment comparisons and Pearson's correlation coefficient (p<0.05).

    • Main Results:

    • Significant increases in intermolar width, interpremolar width, molar tipping, and alveolar tipping were observed.
    • Molar rotation and palatal depth changes were less significant.
    • Five statistically significant correlations were found, including positive medium correlations between intermolar width change and alveolar tipping.

    Conclusions:

    • Two-arm RPE appliances effectively expand maxillary dentition and the alveolar process, opening the midpalatal suture and modifying maxillary bone morphology.
    • The most pronounced changes induced by RPE occur in the transverse plane.
    • Further research with larger patient cohorts is recommended to validate these findings.