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Related Concept Videos

The Parathyroid Glands00:59

The Parathyroid Glands

The two pairs of parathyroid glands embedded within the posterior surface of the thyroid gland are restricted by a dense capsule around them. These glands comprise two distinct cell populations—parathyroid oxyphil and parathyroid principal cells- pivotal in calcium homeostasis.
Oxyphil cells, whose functions remain elusive, emerge during late puberty, adding a layer of complexity to the parathyroid gland's intricacies. In contrast, principal parathyroid cells undertake a vital role by producing...
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Calcium and phosphate are essential electrolytes in the human body, with calcium being the most abundant mineral. Around 99% of the body's calcium is stored in the skeleton and teeth, forming a crystal lattice of mineral salts in combination with phosphates. Calcium plays crucial roles in various bodily functions such as blood clotting, neurotransmitter release, muscle tone maintenance, and nervous and muscle tissue excitability.
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Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin00:51

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The Thyroid Gland01:23

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Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis

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Updated: May 24, 2026

Two Techniques to Create Hypoparathyroid Mice: Parathyroidectomy Using GFP Glands and Diphtheria-Toxin-Mediated Parathyroid Ablation
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Two Techniques to Create Hypoparathyroid Mice: Parathyroidectomy Using GFP Glands and Diphtheria-Toxin-Mediated Parathyroid Ablation

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FGF23 and the parathyroid.

Justin Silver1, Tally Naveh-Many

  • 1Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel. silver@huji.ac.il

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|March 8, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

In chronic kidney disease, parathyroid glands become resistant to FGF23 due to decreased klotho-FGFR1. This resistance contributes to high PTH levels, highlighting a disrupted feedback loop.

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Establishment of a Simple and Effective Rat Model for Intraoperative Parathyroid Gland Imaging

Published on: August 17, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Nephrology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) regulates mineral metabolism.
  • Klotho and fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGFR1) are essential FGF23 co-receptors.
  • Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and FGF23 have a complex regulatory relationship.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of klotho-FGFR1 in parathyroid FGF23 resistance in chronic kidney disease (CKD).
  • To explore the mechanisms underlying elevated PTH in CKD.
  • To elucidate the feedback loop between bone and parathyroid in CKD.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of klotho-FGFR1 expression in parathyroid tissue from CKD patients and experimental models.
  • Assessment of MAPK pathway activation and PTH secretion in response to FGF23.
  • Investigation of PTH's effect on FGF23 production in vitro.

Main Results:

  • Down-regulation of klotho-FGFR1 in the parathyroid glands of CKD patients and uremic rats.
  • Parathyroid glands from uremic rats showed resistance to FGF23, with no MAPK activation or PTH inhibition.
  • Parathyroidectomy corrected elevated FGF23 levels in experimental CKD.

Conclusions:

  • Down-regulation of parathyroid klotho-FGFR1 in CKD leads to FGF23 resistance.
  • This resistance contributes to hyperparathyroidism in CKD.
  • A negative feedback loop exists between bone and the parathyroid, involving PTH and FGF23.