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Interaction between 6/94 virus, a parainfluenza type 1 strain, and mouse macrophages
Abstract:
The 6/94 virus, a type 1 parainfluenza virus recovered from multiple sclerosis brain cells after lysolecithin-induced fusion of these cells with African green monkey kidney cells (CV-1), has been found to grow in splenic and peritoneal macrophages obtained from outbred and different strains of inbred mice. Macrophages from C57BL animals were least susceptible to infection, a resistance apparently partially age related. The virus also has been found to replicate in IC21 cells, a line of simian virus 40 virus-transformed mouse macrophages. Viral growth was detected by development of hemadsorption in infected cells, followed by the appearance of infectious virus. The growth of 6/94 virus had different kinetics in mouse macrophages, in the standard continuous cell lines L, 3T3, and CV-1, and in primary mouse kidney and mouse embryo cells. The virus produced in macrophages could be passed in series to other macrophage cultures. In addition, once infected, the cultures continued to produce virus, and permanently infected cell lines were thus obtained. Macrophages from immunized mice with high titers of humoral neutralizing antibodies were found variably able to support virus growth.
Insights
The 6/94 virus, a type 1 parainfluenza virus, grows in mouse macrophages, establishing permanently infected cell lines. Resistance varies by mouse strain and age, with some antibody-producing macrophages supporting limited growth.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- The 6/94 virus, a type 1 parainfluenza virus, was isolated from multiple sclerosis brain cells.
- Viral infections in macrophages are crucial for understanding host-pathogen interactions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the susceptibility of mouse macrophages to 6/94 virus infection.
- To characterize the replication kinetics and persistence of 6/94 virus in macrophages.
Main Methods:
- Infection of splenic and peritoneal macrophages from various mouse strains (including C57BL) and IC21 cells with 6/94 virus.
- Detection of viral growth via hemadsorption and infectious virus assays.
- Serial passage of virus in macrophage cultures and assessment of macrophages from immunized mice.
Main Results:
- 6/94 virus successfully replicated in mouse macrophages, with C57BL macrophages showing the least susceptibility, possibly due to age.
- The virus replicated in simian virus 40-transformed mouse macrophages (IC21).
- Permanently infected macrophage cell lines were established, and virus growth kinetics differed across cell types.
Conclusions:
- Mouse macrophages support the replication of the 6/94 parainfluenza virus, leading to persistent infections.
- Host factors, including mouse strain, age, and immune status, influence viral susceptibility and replication.
- The study establishes a model for investigating persistent viral infections in macrophages.