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Updated: May 24, 2026

Skeletal Muscle Gender Dimorphism from Proteomics
Published on: December 14, 2011
Oestrogen's regulation of fat metabolism during exercise and gender specific effects
Tanja Oosthuyse1, Andrew N Bosch
1Exercise Laboratory, School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Science, University of Witwatersrand, Medical School, Johannesburg, South Africa. oosthuyse@polka.co.za
Abstract:
Early animal, menstrual phase and gender comparative studies inconsistently support an oestrogen-induced increase in fat oxidation during exercise. Recent advances from studies of cellular signalling and gene expression provide evidence for inter-tissue and intramuscular mechanisms that demonstrate oestrogen's promotion of skeletal muscle fat oxidative capacity. Oestrogen or oestrogen-analogues act mainly through oestrogen receptor-alpha in skeletal muscle to stimulate the genomic expression of certain other nuclear hormone receptors and downstream targets to promote long chain fatty acid (LCFA) uptake, mitochondrial shuttling and β oxidation. Oestrogen increases the availability of LCFA substrate by enhancing adipocyte lipolysis and expression of genes promoting intramyocellular lipid storage. Oestrogen acts by non-genomic means to increase the activation of AMPK that may reinforce some direct genomic actions.
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