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Immunocytochemistry and Immunohistochemistry01:22

Immunocytochemistry and Immunohistochemistry

Immunocytochemistry (ICC) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) are techniques that use antibodies to check for specific proteins or antigens in a sample. The technique was first published by Albert Coons in 1941 to detect the presence of pneumococcal antigen in tissue sections from mice infected with Pneumococcus. Immunocytochemistry helps localization of proteins or antigens in individual cells like blood cells, stem cells, etc., while immunohistochemistry does the same for tissue samples.
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Updated: May 24, 2026

Optimization, Design and Avoiding Pitfalls in Manual Multiplex Fluorescent Immunohistochemistry
09:15

Optimization, Design and Avoiding Pitfalls in Manual Multiplex Fluorescent Immunohistochemistry

Published on: July 26, 2019

Pitfalls in immunohistochemistry--a recent example.

Alexander Riechers1, Anja Katrin Bosserhoff

  • 1Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Germany.

International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology
|March 9, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Re-analysis challenges claims of melanoma inhibitory activity (MIA) protein in cerebellar Purkinje cells. This study highlights potential pitfalls in immunohistochemistry, including non-specific antibodies and lack of control tissues.

Keywords:
CD-RAPImmunohistochemistryMIAantibodyspecificity

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Immunohistochemical Analysis in the Rat Central Nervous System and Peripheral Lymph Node Tissue Sections
09:11

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Published on: November 14, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Immunohistochemistry is a widely used research technique.
  • Potential pitfalls in immunohistochemistry can lead to misinterpreted results.
  • A recent study reported melanoma inhibitory activity (MIA) protein expression in cerebellar Purkinje cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-evaluate the reported expression of MIA protein in Purkinje cells.
  • To illustrate potential issues in immunohistochemistry experiments.
  • To emphasize the importance of antibody specificity and control tissues.

Main Methods:

  • Re-analysis of immunohistochemical staining.
  • Evaluation of antibody specificity.
  • Assessment of control tissue samples.

Main Results:

  • Re-analysis yielded negative results for MIA protein expression in Purkinje cells.
  • The study identified potential issues with antibody unspecificity.
  • Omission of control tissue evaluation was noted as a contributing factor to misinterpretation.

Conclusions:

  • The previously reported expression of MIA in Purkinje cells could not be confirmed.
  • Unspecific antibodies and lack of control tissues are significant challenges in immunohistochemistry.
  • Careful validation of antibodies and inclusion of controls are crucial for accurate results.