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Sublimation

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Sublimation is the direct transformation of a solid to a gaseous state. For instance, at standard pressure and room temperature, solid carbon dioxide sublimes to gaseous carbon dioxide. The phase diagram depicts the conditions required for sublimation. This process occurs at the solid-gas phase boundary and is not observed above the triple point of the substance. The reverse of sublimation is called deposition, where a gaseous substance condenses directly into a solid. Sublimation and...

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Updated: May 24, 2026

Fabrication of Large-area Free-standing Ultrathin Polymer Films

Fabrication of Large-area Free-standing Ultrathin Polymer Films

Published on: June 3, 2015

Dewetting of solid films with substrate-mediated evaporation.

Anna Chame¹, Olivier Pierre-Louis

¹Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal Fluminense, 24210-340 Niterói RJ, Brazil.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics

|March 10, 2012

Summary

Ultrathin film dewetting is explored with evaporation and substrate sublimation. Increased sublimation causes a transition to a constant front velocity regime, with unique non-monotonous rim width behavior observed.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Surface Science
Thin Film Dynamics

Background:

Understanding ultrathin film dewetting is crucial for applications in nanotechnology and materials engineering.
Adatom dynamics, including evaporation and reaction, significantly influence film morphology and stability.
Substrate interactions play a key role in the dewetting process of thin films.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the dewetting dynamics of ultrathin films under conditions of adatom evaporation/reaction and substrate sublimation.
To analyze the influence of increasing substrate sublimation on dewetting behavior and front propagation.
To characterize the temporal evolution of the rim width during the dewetting process.

Main Methods:

Kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulations were employed to model the dewetting process.
An analytical model incorporating diffusion, rim facetting, and substrate sublimation was developed and validated.
Systematic variation of sublimation rates to observe transitions in dewetting regimes.

Main Results:

KMC simulations showed good agreement with the analytical model.
A transition was identified from a time-dependent slowing dewetting front to a constant velocity, sublimation-controlled regime.
The rim width displayed a non-monotonous behavior, reaching a distinct maximum over time.

Conclusions:

Substrate sublimation can fundamentally alter dewetting dynamics, leading to distinct regimes.
The observed non-monotonous rim width behavior presents a novel aspect of ultrathin film dewetting.
The study provides a comprehensive model for understanding complex dewetting phenomena in ultrathin films.