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Pre-Procedural Guidelines for Doppler Ultrasound Blood Pressure Assessment:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Blood Flow Imaging with Ultrafast Doppler

Blood Flow Imaging with Ultrafast Doppler

Published on: October 14, 2020

Sizing gaseous emboli using Doppler embolic signal intensity.

Caroline Banahan¹, James P Hague, David H Evans

¹Medical Physics Department, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom. caroline.banahan@uhl-tr.nhs.uk

Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology

|March 10, 2012

Summary

This study introduces a simplified method for sizing air emboli using Doppler signal intensity. This technique helps differentiate harmful macrobubbles from benign microbubbles during surgery.

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Doppler Ultrasonography for Live Imaging and Quantification of Ovarian Vascular Function in Mice

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Last Updated: May 24, 2026

Blood Flow Imaging with Ultrafast Doppler

Blood Flow Imaging with Ultrafast Doppler

Published on: October 14, 2020

Doppler Ultrasonography for Live Imaging and Quantification of Ovarian Vascular Function in Mice

Doppler Ultrasonography for Live Imaging and Quantification of Ovarian Vascular Function in Mice

Published on: November 14, 2025

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Medical Physics
Neurosonology

Background:

Transcranial Doppler (TCD) is used for embolus detection, but sizing bubbles remains challenging.
Accurate bubble size estimation is crucial for distinguishing benign from harmful emboli during clinical monitoring.
Existing methods struggle with applying complex scattering theory to clinical transcranial Doppler data.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a simplified approach for estimating air emboli size using transcranial Doppler signal intensity.
To assess the algorithm's accuracy in sizing simulated and in vitro emboli under various conditions.
To enable the differentiation of microbubbles from macrobubbles during intraoperative monitoring.

Main Methods:

Developed a simplified algorithm approximating full scattering theory to estimate embolus size from Doppler signal intensity.
Validated the algorithm using simulated emboli to assess theoretical sizing accuracy.
Conducted in vitro experiments with varying beam and vessel alignment to evaluate practical performance.

Main Results:

The algorithm theoretically achieved 90% accuracy in sizing simulated emboli within 10% of their true radius.
In vitro tests showed 69% of emboli were sized within 20% of their true value under ideal conditions.
Performance decreased to 30% accuracy when beam and vessel alignment were severely misaligned.

Conclusions:

The simplified Doppler-based method offers a feasible approach to estimating air emboli size.
This technique has the potential to improve intraoperative monitoring by distinguishing harmful macrobubbles from benign microbubbles.
Further validation is needed, especially concerning the impact of misalignment on clinical applicability.