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Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

An Integrated Platform for Genome-wide Mapping of Chromatin States Using High-throughput ChIP-sequencing in Tumor Tissues

An Integrated Platform for Genome-wide Mapping of Chromatin States Using High-throughput ChIP-sequencing in Tumor Tissues

Published on: April 5, 2018

Cancer epigenomics: beyond genomics.

Juan Sandoval¹, Manel Esteller

¹Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

Current Opinion in Genetics & Development

|March 10, 2012

Summary

Epigenetic deregulation is a key cancer hallmark. Advances in cancer epigenomics, including DNA methylation and histone modifications, are paving the way for new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Epigenetics
Genomics

Background:

Cancer research traditionally focused on genetic mutations.
Epigenetic alterations are now recognized as crucial in cancer development.
Genome-scale techniques have advanced understanding of cancer molecular mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advances in cancer epigenomics.
To highlight the role of DNA methylation, histone modifications, and miRNAs in cancer.
To discuss the future potential of epigenomic data for biomarker development.

Main Methods:

Review of current literature on cancer epigenomics.
Focus on next-generation sequencing and other genome-scale analysis techniques.
Analysis of epigenetic deregulation in tumor initiation, progression, and expansion.

Main Results:

Epigenetic deregulation is a significant hallmark of cancer.
DNA methylation, histone modifications, and miRNAs are key areas of epigenetic research in cancer.
Advances in sequencing technologies enable detailed molecular insights.

Conclusions:

Epigenomic insights are crucial for understanding cancer.
Future applications include developing novel biomarkers for cancer diagnosis.
These biomarkers will aid in predicting prognosis and guiding chemotherapeutic response.