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Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction01:28

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction

Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion of food...
Hepatitis01:25

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Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver. The...
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Multistate foodborne outbreaks pose significant public health risks and require meticulous investigation to identify sources and implement control measures. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) utilizes a dynamic seven-step process for these investigations, integrating data from laboratories, interviews, and environmental assessments to protect public health.Outbreak Detection: The detection of multistate outbreaks typically begins with PulseNet, the CDC's national laboratory...
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Updated: May 24, 2026

A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks
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Published on: June 26, 2020

A retrospective study on imported hepatitis E in Japan.

Tian-Cheng Li1, Susumu Ochiai, Hiroaki Ishiko

  • 1Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Gakuen 4-7-1, Musashi-murayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan. litc@nih.go.jp

Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
|March 13, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) can cause sporadic hepatitis cases in Japan, often imported from abroad. Phylogenetic analysis helps pinpoint the geographic origin of these imported Hepatitis E virus infections.

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Development of a Hepatitis B Virus Reporter System to Monitor the Early Stages of the Replication Cycle

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Hepatitis E virus (HEV) causes human hepatitis E, primarily through oral-fecal transmission via contaminated water.
  • Understanding the sources of sporadic HEV cases is crucial for public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and origin of Hepatitis E virus infections among acute hepatitis patients in Japan.
  • To determine if imported HEV strains contribute to sporadic hepatitis cases in Japan.

Main Methods:

  • Serum samples from 112 non-A, -B, -C acute hepatitis patients (1989-2004) were tested for anti-HEV IgM.
  • HEV RNA detection and nucleotide sequencing were performed on positive samples.
  • Phylogenetic analysis was used to determine the geographic origin of HEV strains.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-four patients were diagnosed with acute Hepatitis E.
  • Seventeen of these patients had a history of recent international travel, indicating imported HEV infection.
  • HEV RNA sequences from imported cases showed similarities to strains from India, Bangladesh, and China; one case was phylogenetically linked to India.

Conclusions:

  • Sporadic cases of Hepatitis E in Japan are frequently caused by imported Hepatitis E virus strains.
  • Phylogenetic analysis is a valuable tool for identifying the geographic origin of HEV infections in travelers.