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Related Concept Videos

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
Joints01:26

Joints

Joints, also called articulations or articular surfaces, are points at which ligaments or other tissues connect adjacent bones. Joints permit movement and stability, and can be classified based on their structure or function.
Structural joint classifications are based on the material that makes up the joint as well as whether or not the joint contains a space between the bones. Joints are structurally classified as fibrous, cartilaginous, or synovial.
Fibrous Joints Are Immovable
The bones of a...
Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management01:21

Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) management can be divided into two main strategies: prevention and long-term management.Primary PreventionPrimary prevention focuses on timely diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis to prevent acute rheumatic fever. The most widely used antibiotic for treating this condition is intramuscular benzathine penicillin G.Acute Rheumatic Fever TreatmentThe primary treatment goal for a patient diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever is to suppress the...
Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management01:20

Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management

AssessmentA comprehensive assessment is essential in managing a patient with rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Begin with obtaining a detailed medical history, including recent streptococcal infections, a history of rheumatic fever, or previously diagnosed rheumatic heart disease. Assess the patient for symptoms such as fever, chest pain, widespread joint pain (arthralgia), tachycardia, pericardial friction rub, muffled heart sounds, heart murmurs, peripheral edema, subcutaneous nodules, and...
Development of the Limb Synovial Joints01:07

Development of the Limb Synovial Joints

Joints form during embryonic development in conjunction with the formation and growth of the associated bones. The embryonic tissue that gives rise to all bones, cartilage, and connective tissues of the body is called mesenchyme.
The mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes that form the hyaline cartilage, and later the cartilaginous model of the bone. This model further transforms into a bone. This process is known as endochondral ossification.
During development, the limbs...

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Related Experiment Videos

[Rheumatic joint disease in childhood and adolescence].

C Rietschel1, K Latta

  • 1Clementine Kinderhospital, Verein Frankfurter Stiftungskrankenhäuser, Frankfurt am Main. rietschel@ckhf.de

Der Orthopade
|March 13, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Juvenile arthritis is a rare rheumatic disease affecting children, often with subtle symptoms. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent long-term joint damage.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Rheumatology
  • Immunology
  • Orthopedics

Context:

  • Juvenile arthritis is a rare condition, with 1 child diagnosed for every 100 adult rheumatoid arthritis patients.
  • Onset typically occurs between ages 2 and 6, often presenting with subtle symptoms rather than prominent pain.
  • Delayed diagnosis is common, impacting timely initiation of essential treatments.

Purpose:

  • To highlight the rarity and typical presentation of juvenile arthritis.
  • To emphasize the critical need for early intervention in pediatric rheumatic diseases.
  • To outline current therapeutic strategies and supportive measures.

Summary:

  • Juvenile arthritis affects children and adolescents, with a significant proportion diagnosed between 2 and 6 years old.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Symptoms can be subtle, and pain is not always the primary indicator, leading to diagnostic delays.
  • Treatment involves NSAIDs, steroid injections, immunosuppressants, biologics for severe cases, and physical/occupational therapy.

    • Impact:

    • Early diagnosis and treatment of juvenile arthritis are vital to prevent chronic joint issues and long-term disability.
    • Raising awareness among healthcare providers and parents can reduce diagnostic delays.
    • Comprehensive management, including medical and supportive therapies, improves outcomes for affected children.