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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by transmural...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction01:26

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows “skip lesions” in which...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses two major chronic disorders—ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease—each characterized by relapsing episodes of gastrointestinal inflammation. Although they share certain clinical features, their patterns of involvement and manifestations differ in ways that aid diagnosis and guide management.Ulcerative ColitisUlcerative colitis is limited to the colon and rectum and involves continuous inflammation of the mucosal layer. The disease course is marked...

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Induction of Murine Intestinal Inflammation by Adoptive Transfer of Effector CD4+CD45RBhigh T Cells into Immunodeficient Mice
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Adipose tissue and inflammatory bowel disease pathogenesis.

Christopher Fink1, Iordanes Karagiannides, Kyriaki Bakirtzi

  • 1Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Division of Digestive Diseases, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
|March 13, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Creeping fat in Crohn's disease (CD) involves increased intra-abdominal fat, distinct from obesity. Future research may target neuropeptides and adipokines in adipose tissue for IBD treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Creeping fat is a known indicator of Crohn's disease (CD) activity.
  • Patients with CD often have normal or low body mass index (BMI), but a higher ratio of intra-abdominal to total abdominal fat compared to controls.
  • The inflammatory nature of hypertrophic adipose tissue, observed during the obesity epidemic, shows similarities to mesenteric fat depots in CD patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the interaction between mesenteric adipose tissue and the inflamed intestine in Crohn's disease.
  • To identify potential therapeutic targets within adipose tissue physiology for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD).

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of mesenteric adipose tissue in Crohn's disease patients versus controls.
  • Investigation into the role of neuropeptides and adipokines in the crosstalk between adipose tissue and the gut.

Main Results:

  • While similarities exist between mesenteric fat in obese and CD patients, significant physiological differences are noted.
  • Novel evidence suggests neuropeptides and adipokines are implicated in the CD adipose-intestinal crosstalk.

Conclusions:

  • Adipose tissue physiology plays a crucial role in determining the course of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD).
  • Neuropeptides and adipokines represent promising targets for future research and therapeutic strategies in CD.